Cerebellar mediation of the complexity of bimanual compared to unimanual movements

Tracy, Joseph B.; Faro, S; Mohammed, Feroze; Pinus, Alexander B.; Madi, Saussan; Laskas, Joseph

doi:10.1212/wnl.57.10.1862

Cited by 62 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The latter hypothesis is supported by several lines of physiological evidence, in animals and humans, indicating that bimanual complex movements engage somewhat different neural systems in cortical (Gordon et al 1998;Kazennikov et al 1999;Jancke et al 2000;Toyokura et al 2002;Nair et al 2003) and subcortical (Wannier et al 2002) regions, as well as in the cerebellum (Tracy et al 2001). Furthermore, on the basis of the known somatotopy of the motor cortex and cerebellum (Rijntjes et al 1999;Kurth et al 2000;Beisteiner et al 2001), the size of networks involved in controlling movements appears to vary as a function of the number of digits used in task performance.…”

Section: Differential Degrees Of Improvement and Motor Skill Complexitymentioning

confidence: 86%

Sleep-dependent learning and motor-skill complexity

Kuriyama¹,

Stickgold²,

Walker³

2004

Learn. Mem.

285

207

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Learning of a procedural motor-skill task is known to progress through a series of unique memory stages. Performance initially improves during training, and continues to improve, without further rehearsal, across subsequent periods of sleep. Here, we investigate how this delayed sleep-dependent learning is affected when the task characteristics are varied across several degrees of difficulty, and whether this improvement differentially enhances individual transitions of the motor-sequence pattern being learned. We report that subjects show similar overnight improvements in speed whether learning a five-element unimanual sequence (17.7% improvement), a nine-element unimanual sequence (20.2%), or a five-element bimanual sequence (17.5%), but show markedly increased overnight improvement (28.9%) with a nine-element bimanual sequence. In addition, individual transitions within the motor-sequence pattern that appeared most difficult at the end of training showed a significant 17.8% increase in speed overnight, whereas those transitions that were performed most rapidly at the end of training showed only a non-significant 1.4% improvement. Together, these findings suggest that the sleep-dependent learning process selectively provides maximum benefit to motor-skill procedures that proved to be most difficult prior to sleep.

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Section: Differential Degrees Of Improvement and Motor Skill Complexitymentioning

confidence: 86%

Sleep-dependent learning and motor-skill complexity

Kuriyama¹,

Stickgold²,

Walker³

2004

Learn. Mem.

285

207

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The increased activation of the cerebellum is not surprising, because it is known to be involved in multilimb coordination (Debaere et al, 2001a(Debaere et al, , 2003Ramnani et al, 2001;Tracy et al, 2001;Meyer-Lindenberg et al, 2002;Ullen et al, 2003), and it becomes increasingly activated when coordination complexity rises (Ullen et al, 2003;Debaere et al, 2004). It has been hypothesized that cerebellar activity reflects increasing demands on motor timing (Ivry, 1997;Mima et al, 1999;Habas et al, 2004;Wenderoth et al, 2004b) and/or sensory processing (Jueptner et al, 1997;Bushara et al, 2001;Thickbroom et al, 2003).…”

Section: Coordination-specific Additional Activation In the Elderlymentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Basis of Aging: The Penetration of Cognition into Action Control

Heuninckx

Wenderoth²,

Debaere³

et al. 2005

J. Neurosci.

398

327

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Although functional imaging studies have frequently examined age-related changes in neural recruitment during cognitive tasks, much less is known about such changes during motor performance. In the present study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate age-related changes in cyclical hand and/or foot movements across different degrees of complexity. Right-handed volunteers (11 young, 10 old) were scanned while performing isolated flexion-extension movements of the right wrist and foot as well as their coordination, according to the "easy" isodirectional and "difficult" nonisodirectional mode. Findings revealed activation of a typical motor network in both age groups, but several additional brain areas were involved in the elderly. Regardless of the performed motor task, the elderly exhibited additional activation in areas involved in sensory processing and integration, such as contralateral anterior insula, frontal operculum, superior temporal gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, secondary somatosensory area, and ipsilateral precuneus. Age-related activation differences during coordination of both segments were additionally observed in areas reflecting increased cognitive monitoring of motor performance, such as the pre-supplementary motor area, pre-dorsal premotor area, rostral cingulate, and prefrontal cortex. In the most complex coordination task, the elderly exhibited additional activation in anterior rostral cingulate and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, known to be involved in suppression of prepotent response tendencies and inhibitory cognitive control. Overall, these findings are indicative of an age-related shift along the continuum from automatic to more controlled processing of movement. This increased cognitive monitoring of movement refers to enhanced attentional deployment, more pronounced processing of sensory information, and intersensory integration.

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“…Cerebellar injury in humans has been shown to result in deficits in bimanual coordination (Brown et al, 1993;Serrien & Wiesendanger, 2000), and recent imaging studies revealed an activation of the cerebellum during bimanual movements (eg., Tracy et al, 2001, for more references, see the chapter of Wenderoth et al in this book). However, we are not aware of any single unit experiments that test for a cerebellar role in bimanual coordination.…”

Section: Which Brain Areas Are Involved In Bimanual Coordination?mentioning

confidence: 99%