Cerebellar Inputs to Motor Cortex

Thach, W. T.

doi:10.1002/9780470513545.ch13

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Furthermore, when taken together with previous studies in our lab and elsewhere, cognitive and emotional deficits arise from lesions in those parts of the cerebellum that are linked not to motor regions, but to association and paralimbic cerebral cortices . These findings compare well with the results of anatomical and physiological investigations showing that the cerebellar anterior lobe and parts of lobule VI as well as the second representation in cerebellar lobule VIII ("the sensorimotor cerebellum") receive cutaneokinesthetic information about the extremities and trunk through spinocerebellar tracts (Oscarsson 1965), and are reciprocally interconnected with sensorimotor cortices (Brodal 1978;Thach 1987;Hartmann-von Monakow et al 1981;Kelly and Strick 2003;Schmahmann et al 2004). The anterior lobe is also reciprocally linked with parts of the inferior olivary nuclei (the medial and dorsal accessory olive) that provide climbing fiber afferents to the cerebellum and which receive sensorimotor information from the spinal cord (Brodal 1981;Voogd 2004).…”

Section: Functional Topographysupporting

confidence: 87%

The Role of the Cerebellum in Cognition and Emotion: Personal Reflections Since 1982 on the Dysmetria of Thought Hypothesis, and Its Historical Evolution from Theory to Therapy

2010

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The cognitive neuroscience of the cerebellum is now an established multidisciplinary field of investigation. This essay traces the historical evolution of this line of inquiry from an emerging field to its current status, with personal reflections over almost three decades on this journey of discovery. It pays tribute to early investigators who recognized the wider role of the cerebellum beyond motor control, traces the origins of new terms and concepts including the dysmetria of thought theory, the universal cerebellar transform, and the cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome, and places these developments within the broader context of the scientific efforts of a growing community of cerebellar cognitive neuroscientists. This account considers the converging evidence from theoretical, anatomical, physiological, clinical, and functional neuroimaging approaches that have resulted in the transition from recognizing the cerebellar incorporation into the distributed neural circuits subserving cognition and emotion, to a hopeful new era of treatment of neurocognitive and neuropsychiatric manifestations of cerebellar diseases, and to cerebellar-based interventions for psychiatric disorders.

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Section: Functional Topographysupporting

confidence: 87%

The Role of the Cerebellum in Cognition and Emotion: Personal Reflections Since 1982 on the Dysmetria of Thought Hypothesis, and Its Historical Evolution from Theory to Therapy

2010

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“…Furthermore, thalamic projections from these nuclei primarily terminate in VL (Fig. 12) (Stanton, 1980;Asanuma et al, 1983;Thach, 1987;Sakai et al, 1996;Middleton and Strick, 1997). Finally, retrograde labeling of CN neurons after an injection into a vestibular responsive region of dorsal VL supports this alternative pathway (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…In the case of VL, the pattern of terminals from the anterior interposed and fastigial nucleus can account for many (but not all) of these vestibular units. In fact, the distribution of vestibular responsive neurons extends dorsal to the plotted terminal fields into areas presumably supplied by other parts of the CN (Stanton, 1980;Thach, 1987). Comparison of these terminal fields also suggests the possibility that both vestibulothalamic and cerebelothalamic projections may converge in some places along the VPL/VL border, and in CL.…”

Section: Vestibulocerebellothalamic Projectionsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Furthermore, neuroanatomical studies have clearly shown cerebellar nuclei (CN) projections to the thalamus, particularly to the VL (Stanton, 1980;Asanuma et al, 1983;Thach, 1987;Sakai et al, 1996;Middleton and Strick, 1997). Consequently, cerebellothalamic projections may provide an additional route for vestibular information to the thalamus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vestibular Signals in Primate Thalamus: Properties and Origins

Hui¹,

May²,

Dickman³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

131

162

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“…It is known that the cerebellum contains a homunculus (Thach, 1987;Rijntjes, Beuchel, Kiebel & Weiller, 1999;Leergaard et al, 2000). Studies have used that homunculus to determine the region or regions that pertain to somatosensory responses.…”

Section: Cerebellar Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Purkinje Cell Responses and Cerebellar Influence on Fluid Licking in the Mouse

Bryant¹

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DEDICATIONThis dissertation is dedicated to my husband and son, David and Ari Wilcox, for their love and support in helping me to achieve a major goal.iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to acknowledge everyone contributing to my completion of my dissertation. My research advisor, Dr. Detlef Heck, has truly been an important force in my perseverance through timely advice, patience, and his willingness to serve as a mentor in all aspects of my development as an independent researcher. I would like to thank Snigdha Roy for the ample assistance, numerous reviews of my texts, and friendship. ABSTRACTRodents consume water by performing stereotypical, rhythmic licking movements which are believed to be driven by central pattern generating circuits located in the brainstem. Temporal aspects of rhythmic licking behavior have been shown to be represented in the olivo-cerebellar system in the form of population complex spike activity. These findings suggest that the olivo-cerebellar system is involved in the generating circuitry responsible for licking rhythm in rodents. However, the representation of licking in the simple spike activity of Purkinje cells and the consequences of loss of cerebellar function on licking behavior has not been quantified. I investigated the influence of the cerebellum on the maintenance of rhythm in murine fluid-licking.In one set of experiments, I characterized Purkinje cell activity in healthy mice during fluid licking. Use of a head-restrained preparation allowed recordings of wellisolated single units during repeated experimental sessions. Thus, a large number of neurons were tested for their relationship with behavior and detailed spatial maps of behavior related neuronal activity were generated as exemplified here with recordings from lick-related Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. The data show a multifaceted representation of licking behavior in the simple spike activity of a large population of Purkinje cells distributed across Crus I, Crus II, and lobus simplex of mouse cerebellar cortex. Lick related Purkinje cell simple spike activity was changed in a manner that was either rhythmic, in phase with the lick rhythm, or nonrhythmic with a decrease or increase in firing in relation to licks but not phasically. For rhythmically responsive units, signal modulation was marked by the introduction of a phasic variation in the frequency of spikes. A subpopulation of lick related Purkinje cells exhibited different activity patterns during short and long interlick intervals (ILIs).I examined the role of the cerebellum in fluid-licking by using several models of cerebellar ataxia with distinct causes. First, I observed fluid-licking in animals over several days to determine how the microstructure of the behavior may also be altered. The first model involved animals that underwent cerebellectomies. Surgical removal of the cerebellum resulted in significant slowing of the lick rhythm but did not affect the mouse's ability to perform the gross licking movement. Thus, the cerebellum is involved in the...

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Cerebellar Inputs to Motor Cortex

Cited by 17 publications

References 61 publications

The Role of the Cerebellum in Cognition and Emotion: Personal Reflections Since 1982 on the Dysmetria of Thought Hypothesis, and Its Historical Evolution from Theory to Therapy

The Role of the Cerebellum in Cognition and Emotion: Personal Reflections Since 1982 on the Dysmetria of Thought Hypothesis, and Its Historical Evolution from Theory to Therapy

Vestibular Signals in Primate Thalamus: Properties and Origins

Characterizing Purkinje Cell Responses and Cerebellar Influence on Fluid Licking in the Mouse

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