Cerebellar Infarction as a Complication of Pneumococcus Meningitis

Floret, D.; Mc, Delmas; Cochat, Pierre

doi:10.1097/00006454-198901000-00017

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…were more common in developing countries. 13,15 In our study, S. pneumoniae, and Salmonella spp. were the common causative pathogens, accounting for 57% (8/14) of our cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…Differences in the relative prevalence of causative pathogens of perinatal and childhood bacterial meningitis complicated by cerebral infarctions vary with geography and climate as well as time period. [13][14][15][16] S. pneumoniae was the common causative pathogens in developed countries while Salmonella spp. were more common in developing countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cerebral infarction is an important neurological complication of child bacterial meningitis, often associated with poor outcome. [1][2][3][4][5] However, little information has been collected about its epidemiology and the therapeutic outcomes of cerebral infarction in perinatal and childhood bacterial meningitis. 6 Currently, there is no consensus on the classification, evaluation, outcome measurement, or treatment of ischaemic stroke in children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cerebral infarction in perinatal and childhood bacterial meningitis

Chang¹,

Chang²,

Huang³

et al. 2003

QJM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There was a high prevalence of cerebral infarctions when the disease was caused by S. pneumoniae and Salmonella species. Occurrence was highest in the first year of life, and the prognosis in this patient group is poor. Risk factors associated with cerebral infarction in our patients included age 28-365 days, seizures, hydrocephalus, disturbed consciousness on admission, and high CSF lactate concentrations.

show abstract

“…were more common in developing countries. 13,15 In our study, S. pneumoniae, and Salmonella spp. were the common causative pathogens, accounting for 57% (8/14) of our cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cerebral infarction in perinatal and childhood bacterial meningitis

Chang¹,

Chang²,

Huang³

et al. 2003

QJM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A case report of Candida krusei infection in a leg ulcer causing localised vasculitis (32) suggests that local fungal pathogen growth can damage the vasculature, although this may be due to hyphal growth. In addition, infarcts are also observed in meningitis caused by bacterial pathogens, for example S. enterica and T. bacillus (34,35). Tuberculosis meningitis can also cause vasculitis leading to infarct formation (2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood vessel occlusion byCryptococcus neoformansis a mechanism for haemorrhagic dissemination of infection

Jf¹,

Bojarczuk²,

Rl³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

24Meningitis caused by infectious pathogens are associated with vessel damage and infarct 25 formation, however the physiological cause is unknown. Cryptococcus neoformans, is a 26 human fungal pathogen and causative agent of cryptococcal meningitis, where vascular 27 events are observed in up to 30% of cases, predominantly in severe infection. Therefore, we 28 aimed to investigate how infection may lead to vessel damage and associated pathogen 29 dissemination using a zebrafish model for in vivo live imaging. We find that cryptococcal 30 cells become trapped within the vasculature (dependent on there size) and proliferate there 31 resulting in vasodilation. Localised cryptococcal growth, originating from a single or small 32 number of cryptococcal cells in the vasculature was associated with sites of dissemination 33 and simultaneously with loss of blood vessel integrity. Using a cell-cell junction tension 34 reporter we identified dissemination from intact blood vessels and where vessel rupture 35 occurred. Finally, we manipulated blood vessel stifness via cell junctions and found 36 increased stiffness resulted in increased dissemination. Therefore, global vascular 37 vasodilation occurs following infection, resulting in increased vessel tension which 38 subsequently increases dissemination events, representing a positive feedback loop. Thus, 39 we identify a mechanism for blood vessel damage during cryptococcal infection that may 40 represent a cause of vascular damage and cortical infarction more generally in infective 41 meningitis. 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 Introduction 49 Life threatening systemic infection commonly results from tissue invasion requiring 50 dissemination of microbes, usually via the blood stream. Blood vessel damage and blockage 51 are commonly associated with blood infection, as exemplified by mycotic (infective) 52 aneurisms or sub-arachnoid haemorrhage (1). Indeed, both bacterial and fungal meningitis 53 are associated with vascular events including vasculitis, aneurisms and infarcts (1-5). 54The mechanisms of dissemination to the brain in meningitis have been extensively studied in 55 vitro and in vivo. Experimental studies suggest three potential mechanisms: passage of the 56 pathogen between cells of the blood brain barrier, polarised endocytosis and exocytosis of 57 the pathogen by brain vascular endothelial cells, and passage through the blood brain 58 barrier inside immune cells. However, we hypothesised that blood vessel blockage and 59 haemorrhagic dissemination might be an alternative mechanism. 60Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen causing life threatening 61 cryptococcal meningitis in severely immunocompromised patients. C. neoformans is a 62 significant pathogen of HIV/AIDs positive individuals with cryptococcal meningitis ultimately 63 responsible for 15% of all AIDS related deaths worldwide (6). C . neoformans has 64 previsously been suggested to disseminate from the blood stream into the brain through 65 different routes, including transcytosis, and by...

show abstract

“…A case report of Candida krusei infection in a leg ulcer causing localised vasculitis (19) suggests that local fungal pathogen growth can damage the vasculature not only in the brain. In addition, infarcts, seen in cryptococcal meningitis, are also observed in meningitis caused by bacterial pathogens, for example S. enterica and T. bacillus (11,21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissemination ofCryptococcus neoformansvia localised proliferation and blockage of blood vessels

Gibson

Evans

Bojarczuk

et al. 2017

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

26Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that can cause life-27 threatening cryptoccocal meningitis, predominantly within immunocompromised individuals. 28Cortical infarcts are observed in as many as 30% of cryptococcal meningitis cases, being 29 particularly common in severe infection. Limited clinical case studies suggest infarcts are 30 secondary to vasculitis and blood vessel damage caused by cryptococcal infection. 31However, the cause of infarcts in cryptococcal infection has not been determined. To 49Although vasculature inflammation in known to occur in cryptococcal meningitis, the cause 50 of infarcts in unknown. Using a zebrafish model of cryptococcal infection, the growth and 51. CC-BY 4.0 International license It is made available under a was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.The copyright holder for this preprint (which . http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/184200 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online 3 dissemination of fungal cells was observed over time. We show that cryptococcal cells 52 become trapped and proliferate in the vasculature, resulting in cryptococcoma that damage 53 the blood vessels. We propose that vessel damage results from increased blood pressure 54 caused by cryptococci blocking blood vessels suggesting that the vascular damage that 55 ensues on cryptococcoma formation may in turn be a cause of infarct formation seen in 56 cryptococcal meningitis.

show abstract

Cerebellar Infarction as a Complication of Pneumococcus Meningitis

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Cerebral infarction in perinatal and childhood bacterial meningitis

Cerebral infarction in perinatal and childhood bacterial meningitis

Blood vessel occlusion byCryptococcus neoformansis a mechanism for haemorrhagic dissemination of infection

Dissemination ofCryptococcus neoformansvia localised proliferation and blockage of blood vessels

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About