Cerebellar Control of Posture and Movement

Brooks, V. B.; Thach, W. T.

doi:10.1002/cphy.cp010218

Cited by 106 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 232 publications

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“…The remaining 234 were used to form a control database for characterization of CS rhythmicity. Consistent with previous descriptions (Brooks and Thach, 1981;Sasaki et al, 1989), CSs had multiphasic waveforms and were usually isolated ϳ100 m below the cerebellar surface.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Differential Roles of Apamin- and Charybdotoxin-Sensitive K⁺Conductances in the Generation of Inferior Olive RhythmicityIn Vivo

1997

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The basic electrical rhythmicity of the olivocerebellar system was investigated in vivo using multiple electrode recordings of Purkinje cell (PC) complex spike (CS) activity. CSs demonstrate a 10 Hz rhythmicity, thought to result from the interaction of Ca 2ϩ and Ca 2ϩ -dependent K ϩ conductances present in inferior olivary (IO) neurons. To assess the roles of different K ϩ channels in generating this rhythmicity, intraolivary microinjections of charybdotoxin (CTX) and apamin were used. Both K ϩ channel blockers increased average CS spike-firing rates. However, apamin produced a tonic increase in firing with a decrement in the CS rhythmicity. In contrast, after CTX administration, highly rhythmic CS discharges were interleaved with silent periods, suggesting that apamin-and CTX-sensitive K ϩ channels have distinct rhythmogenic roles in IO neurons. CTX-sensitive channels seem to be functionally coupled to low threshold Ca 2ϩ channels, whereas the apamin-sensitive channels relate to high threshold Ca 2ϩ channels.Blocking intraolivary GABA A receptors increases IO excitability and the spatial distribution of synchronized CS activity while disrupting its rostrocaudal banding pattern (Lang et al., 1996). The present experiments show that K ϩ channel blockers increase IO excitability without causing widespread synchronization of CS activity. Thus, changes in the IO excitability have relatively little effect in determining the spatial organization of CS synchrony. In contrast, the degree of CS rhythmicity seemed to influence the patterns of CS synchrony. Thus, after CTX, increased CS rhythmicity was associated with increased intraband synchrony and decreased interband synchrony, whereas apamin had the opposite effects on intra-and interband synchronization.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Differential Roles of Apamin- and Charybdotoxin-Sensitive K⁺Conductances in the Generation of Inferior Olive RhythmicityIn Vivo

1997

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“…This result supports the assumption that the neocerebellum acts in the initiation and control of voluntary movements of arms and legs and less in postural reactions (Brooks 1979;Brooks and Thach 1981). Patients with diffuse cerebellar lesions, as expected, showed increased sway parameters, but no specific pattern of pathological sway.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Quantification of postural sway in normals and patients with cerebellar diseases

Diener

Dichgans

Bacher

et al. 1984

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology

339

134

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“…The discharge properties in fact bore a very close resemblance to those previously attributed to Golgi cells in anaesthetized cats (Eccles, Llinas & Sasaki, 1966 a) and rodents (Schulman & Bloom, 1981) and in alert primates (Miles et al 1980). Each of these reports described discharge rates in the range 15-32 spikes/s which is lower than the values found for most Purkinje cells, which usually attain 40-50 spikes/s and in some cases 100 spikes/s (see Brooks & Thach, 1981;Armstrong & Edgley, 1984b). The characteristic regularity of the discharges and the absence of interspike intervals less than 10 ms was also noted in the studies referred to above.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

The discharges of cerebellar Golgi cells during locomotion in the cat.

Edgley¹,

Lidierth²

1987

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Extracellular recordings have been obtained from 134 units in the paravermal cortex of lobule V in the anterior lobe of the cerebellum in free-to-move cats. Each unit discharged action potentials in a characteristic pattern with no complex spikes. Previous investigators have described such discharges and have assigned them to Golgi cells. We provide further evidence to support this identification.2. In cats which were sitting quietly, each putative Golgi cell discharged tonically at a low rate (overall mean (±S.D.) was 14-5+7-3 spikes/s). Eighty-one of the neurones were also recorded during steady walking on a moving belt and the discharge rate then averaged 17-7 (S.D. + 19-4) spikes/s.3. All eighty-one putative Golgi cells discharged rythmically during locomotion. Many different patterns of discharge were seen but as a population the neurones were most active in early stance and at the onset of the swing phase of the step cycle in the ipsilateral forelimb.4. Over a range of different walking speeds (0 5-09 m/s) and of different uphill inclines (0-25 deg), putative Golgi cells discharged with similar patterns and rates, despite large changes in the vigour of the locomotor movements and in the amplitude of limb muscle electromyograms.

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Cerebellar Control of Posture and Movement

Cited by 106 publications

References 232 publications

Differential Roles of Apamin- and Charybdotoxin-Sensitive K⁺Conductances in the Generation of Inferior Olive RhythmicityIn Vivo

Differential Roles of Apamin- and Charybdotoxin-Sensitive K⁺Conductances in the Generation of Inferior Olive RhythmicityIn Vivo

Quantification of postural sway in normals and patients with cerebellar diseases

The discharges of cerebellar Golgi cells during locomotion in the cat.

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Cerebellar Control of Posture and Movement

Cited by 106 publications

References 232 publications

Differential Roles of Apamin- and Charybdotoxin-Sensitive K+Conductances in the Generation of Inferior Olive RhythmicityIn Vivo

Differential Roles of Apamin- and Charybdotoxin-Sensitive K+Conductances in the Generation of Inferior Olive RhythmicityIn Vivo

Quantification of postural sway in normals and patients with cerebellar diseases

The discharges of cerebellar Golgi cells during locomotion in the cat.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Differential Roles of Apamin- and Charybdotoxin-Sensitive K⁺Conductances in the Generation of Inferior Olive RhythmicityIn Vivo

Differential Roles of Apamin- and Charybdotoxin-Sensitive K⁺Conductances in the Generation of Inferior Olive RhythmicityIn Vivo