Ceramide and sphingosine 1-phosphate in adipose dysfunction

Fang, Zijian; Pyne, Susan; Pyne, Nigel J.

doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2019.04.001

Cited by 33 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 224 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This compound regulates various cellular processes that include cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, and the regulation of inflammatory processes. [75,76]. S1P has been shown to promote an inflammatory response by increasing the expression of cytokines (e.g., TNFα, IL-6, and MCP-1) in adipocytes and leading to an increase of their secretion [77].…”

Section: Ceramide (Cer)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity, Bioactive Lipids, and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Insulin Resistance

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The exact mechanism by which adipose tissue induces insulin resistance is still unclear. It has been demonstrated that obesity is associated with the adipocyte dysfunction, macrophage infiltration, and low-grade inflammation, which probably contributes to the induction of insulin resistance. Adipose tissue synthesizes and secretes numerous bioactive molecules, namely adipokines and cytokines, which affect the metabolism of both lipids and glucose. Disorders in the synthesis of adipokines and cytokines that occur in obesity lead to changes in lipid and carbohydrates metabolism and, as a consequence, may lead to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Obesity is also associated with the accumulation of lipids. A special group of lipids that are able to regulate the activity of intracellular enzymes are biologically active lipids: long-chain acyl-CoAs, ceramides, and diacylglycerols. According to the latest data, the accumulation of these lipids in adipocytes is probably related to the development of insulin resistance. Recent studies indicate that the accumulation of biologically active lipids in adipose tissue may regulate the synthesis/secretion of adipokines and proinflammatory cytokines. Although studies have revealed that inflammation caused by excessive fat accumulation and abnormalities in lipid metabolism can contribute to the development of obesity-related insulin resistance, further research is needed to determine the exact mechanism by which obesity-related insulin resistance is induced.

show abstract

Section: Ceramide (Cer)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity, Bioactive Lipids, and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Insulin Resistance

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The activation of NF-kB pathway with cytokine/chemokine release and the contribution of harmful metabolites (i.e., ceramide and sphingosine 1-phosphate, S1P) interfere with proper insulin signaling, therefore establishing a local AT IR [146][147][148].…”

Section: Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipose Tissue in Health and Disease

Corona-Meraz¹,

Anda²,

Madrigal-Ruíz³

et al. 2020

Obesity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Obesity, being an epidemy these days, is the trigger of metabolic disturbances such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and insulin resistance. Defined as an increase in fat storage, adipose tissue has been put under the spotlight as the culprit of these conditions, as it is composed not only by adipocytes but of any immune system cell and a singular extracellular matrix. Its behavior under acute and chronic hypercaloric states is quite different; persistent hypertrophy in the latter creates hypoxia, resulting in the release of reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokines that impact on the immune response type of the resident leucocytes, mainly macrophages. Hypertrophy over hyperplasia, adipose tissue macrophages-M1 phenotype polarization, and the adipokines/myokines profile are thought to be regulated by foreign microRNAs, delivered from surrounding or distant cells by exosomes through the bloodstream. In this chapter, we focus on adipose tissue immunometabolism and how obesity causes the chronic inflammatory state, and, subsequently, this stablishes a pathologic adiposity, characterized by dyslipidemia and insulin resistance (IR).

show abstract

“…In recent years, ceramides, a subgroup of sphingolipids, have received increased attention for their role in myriad pathophysiologic mechanisms, including those underlying cancer ( 23 – 25 ), inflammation ( 26 ), depression ( 27 ), and neurodegenerative disorders ( 28 ). Additionally, more recent studies have highlighted their increasingly important role in obesity and diabetes ( 9 , 29 – 31 ) as well as cardiovascular disease (CVD) ( 32 ). Preventing aberrant ceramide deposition can prevent or ameliorate a variety of cardiometabolic pathologies, including insulin resistance, CVD (atherosclerosis, heart failure), and hepatic steatosis ( 33 , 34 ), as well as mitochondrial dysfunction ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Ceramides in Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Regulation of Ceramides by Adipokines

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metabolic dysfunction is intertwined with the pathophysiology of both diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Recently, one particular lipid class has been shown to influence the development and sustainment of these diseases: ceramides. As a subtype of sphingolipids, these species are particularly central to many sphingolipid pathways. Increased levels of ceramides are known to correlate with impaired cardiovascular and metabolic health. Furthermore, the interaction between ceramides and adipokines, most notably adiponectin and leptin, appears to play a role in the pathophysiology of these conditions. Adiponectin appears to counteract the detrimental effects of elevated ceramides, largely through activation of the ceramidase activity of its receptors. Elevated ceramides appear to worsen leptin resistance, which is an important phenomenon in the pathophysiology of obesity and metabolic syndrome.

show abstract

Ceramide and sphingosine 1-phosphate in adipose dysfunction

Cited by 33 publications

References 224 publications

Obesity, Bioactive Lipids, and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Insulin Resistance

Obesity, Bioactive Lipids, and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Insulin Resistance

Adipose Tissue in Health and Disease

The Role of Ceramides in Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Regulation of Ceramides by Adipokines

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About