Ceramic Cs<sub>2</sub>HfCl<sub>6</sub>: A Novel Scintillation Material for Use in Gamma Ray Spectroscopy

Hunsaker, Aaron; Goodwin, W.B.; Rowe, Emmanuel; Wheeler, Caleb; Matei, Liviu; Buliga, Vladimir; Bürger, A.

doi:10.1002/crat.202000166

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…For a review of the Cs 2 HfCl 6 -type scintillators, see the study by Nagorny. [234] First attempts of preparation of ceramic Cs 2 HfCl 6 [235,236] and Tl 2 HfCl 6 [236] showed very promising results.…”

Section: Activation With Ns 2 Ionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Halide Scintillators: From the Bulk to Nano

Vaněček

Děcká

Mihóková

et al. 2022

Advanced Photonics Research

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Halide scintillators have been playing a crucial role in the detection of ionizing radiation since the discovery of scintillation in NaI:Tl in 1948. The discovery of NaI:Tl motivated the research and development (R&D) of halide scintillators, resulting in the development of CsI:Tl, CsI:Na, CaF2:Eu, etc. Later, the R&D shifted toward oxide materials due to their high mechanical and chemical stability, good scintillation properties, and relative ease of bulk single‐crystal growth. However, the development in crystal growth technology allows for the growth of high‐quality single crystals of hygroscopic and mechanically fragile materials including SrI2 and LaBr3. Scintillators based on these materials exhibit excellent performance and push the limits of inorganic scintillators. These results motivate intense research of a large variety of halide‐based scintillators. Moreover, materials based on lead halide perovskites find applications in the fields of photovoltaics, solid‐state lighting, and lasers. The first studies show also the significant potential of lead halide perovskites as ultrafast scintillators in the form of nanocrystals. The purpose of this review is to summarize the R&D in the field of halide scintillators during the last decade and highlight perspectives for future development.

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Section: Activation With Ns 2 Ionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Halide Scintillators: From the Bulk to Nano

Vaněček

Děcká

Mihóková

et al. 2022

Advanced Photonics Research

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“…[ 16 ] The emissions could be tuned through dopants. [ 17–19 ] The CHC material has been widely studied as scintillators [ 14,20–27 ] and light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) applications. [ 17 ] Besides, other halides in this family, Cs 2 HfBr 6 (CHB) [ 28 ] and Cs 2 HfI 6 (CHI), [ 29,30 ] have also been reported as scintillators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[16] The emissions could be tuned through dopants. [17][18][19] The CHC material has been widely studied as scintillators [14,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) applications. [17] Besides, other halides in this family, Cs 2 HfBr 6 (CHB) [28] and Cs 2 HfI 6 (CHI), [29,30] have also been reported as scintillators.However, the research on Cs 2 HfF 6 (CHF), the first member of the halide Cs 2 HfX 6 family, is much limited compared to other members.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescence from Self‐Trapped Excitons and Energy Transfers in Vacancy‐Ordered Hexagonal Halide Perovskite Cs₂HfF₆ Doped with Rare Earths for Radiation Detection

Adhikari

Shrivastava

McClain

et al. 2022

Advanced Optical Materials

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Perovskite materials possess diversified structures, with a virtue of customizable chemical compositions to generate versatile chemical, mechanical, and physical properties. Traditional lead halide perovskites with the general formula APbX 3 , where A is an organic (CH 3 NH 3 + , CH(NH 2 ) 2 + ) or inorganic cation (Cs + ), and X is a halide (I − , Br − , or Cl − ), [1] have received much research as solar cells and optical materials. [2][3][4] However, the facts of toxicity and low stability of these materials have urged researchers to quest for other perovskite systems.Cs 2 HfCl 6 (CHC) is a type of Pb-free material with a vacancy-ordered double perovskite structure, with a space group of 3 Fm m (No. 225). [5] Compared with other double perovskites such as Cs 2 AgBiX 6 (X = Cl, Br) without vacancy, [6][7][8] the CHC in a 2:1:6 atomic ratio contains unoccupied B′ sites when expressed as A 2 BB′X 6 , with a low mass density of 3.56 g cm -3 . [9] This type of material with a vacancy-ordered double perovskite structure has received increasingly renewed attention in the past years. [10][11][12][13] Burger et al. have grown CHC single crystals, which were nonhygroscopic but could give high light yield by γ-rays without any intentional doping. [14] The scintillation was centered at 400 nm, with a principal decay time of 4.37 µs. Through first-principles calculations, Kang and Biswas found that although its bandgap is large (6.34 eV), the luminescence is originated from self-trapped excitons (STEs) that are caused by (HfCl 6 ) 2octahedra trapping localized carries. [15] Further, using undoped CHC single crystals, Král et al. identified photoluminescence (PL) emission bands at 380 nm by STEs, and 460 nm by defects. [16] The emissions could be tuned through dopants. [17][18][19] The CHC material has been widely studied as scintillators [14,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) applications. [17] Besides, other halides in this family, Cs 2 HfBr 6 (CHB) [28] and Cs 2 HfI 6 (CHI), [29,30] have also been reported as scintillators.However, the research on Cs 2 HfF 6 (CHF), the first member of the halide Cs 2 HfX 6 family, is much limited compared to other members. Unlike CHC, CHB, and CHI with a double perovskite structure, CHF crystalized as a hexagonal Bravais Compared to halides Cs 2 HfX 6 (X = Cl, Br, I) with a vacancy-ordered cubic double perovskite structure, the halide Cs 2 HfF 6 (CHF), with a hexagonal Bravais lattice, possesses a higher mass density and chemical stability for radiation detection. Luminescence properties and energy transfer mechanisms of rare-earths-doped CHF materials are studied here. The structure of CHF is identified as a new type of vacancy-ordered hexagonal perovskite, with the same type of building blocks of the double perovskite but stacked with single layers. Density-functional theory calculations reveal a large bandgap of CHF. A broad emission is observed from the pristine CHF host, which is suggested to be associated with self-trapped excitons (STEs). A series of...

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Structure analysis and luminescence properties of red-emitting iodide scintillators with potassium-hexachloroplatinate(IV) type structure

Kodama,

Kurosawa,

Fujii

et al. 2024

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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Ceramic Cs₂HfCl₆: A Novel Scintillation Material for Use in Gamma Ray Spectroscopy

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Advanced Halide Scintillators: From the Bulk to Nano

Advanced Halide Scintillators: From the Bulk to Nano

Luminescence from Self‐Trapped Excitons and Energy Transfers in Vacancy‐Ordered Hexagonal Halide Perovskite Cs₂HfF₆ Doped with Rare Earths for Radiation Detection

Structure analysis and luminescence properties of red-emitting iodide scintillators with potassium-hexachloroplatinate(IV) type structure

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Ceramic Cs2HfCl6: A Novel Scintillation Material for Use in Gamma Ray Spectroscopy

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Advanced Halide Scintillators: From the Bulk to Nano

Advanced Halide Scintillators: From the Bulk to Nano

Luminescence from Self‐Trapped Excitons and Energy Transfers in Vacancy‐Ordered Hexagonal Halide Perovskite Cs2HfF6 Doped with Rare Earths for Radiation Detection

Structure analysis and luminescence properties of red-emitting iodide scintillators with potassium-hexachloroplatinate(IV) type structure

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Ceramic Cs₂HfCl₆: A Novel Scintillation Material for Use in Gamma Ray Spectroscopy

Luminescence from Self‐Trapped Excitons and Energy Transfers in Vacancy‐Ordered Hexagonal Halide Perovskite Cs₂HfF₆ Doped with Rare Earths for Radiation Detection