Cephalometric features in isolated growth hormone deficiency

Oliveira-Neto, Luiz A.; Melo, Mariade de Fátima B; Franco, Ana C.; Oliveira, Alaíde H.A.; Souza, Anita H. O.; Valença, Eugênia H O; Britto, Isabela M P A; Salvatori, Roberto; Aguiar‐Oliveira, Manuel H.

doi:10.2319/102210-618.1

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Similar craniofacial features were also found in children: 1) with growth hormone (GH) deficiency: girls had significantly smaller mandible, as well as retrognathic maxilla and mandible (Funatsu, Sato, & Mitani, 2006); boys had flat cranial base, both jaws retropositioned, retroinclined mandible and underdeveloped posterior cranial base, maxilla and mandible (Kjellberg, Beiring, & Albertsson Wikland, 2000), 2) born small for gestational age whose craniofacial structures were underdeveloped (van Erum, Mulier, Carels, Verbeke, & de Zegher, 1997), and 3) with idiopathic short stature, who had both jaws underdeveloped and retropositioned, as well as retroinclined mandible, flat cranial base and short posterior cranial base (Kjellberg, Beiring, & Albertsson Wikland, 2000); as well as in adults with isolated growth hormone deficiency who were found to have underdeveloped cranial base, maxilla and mandible (Oliveira-Neto et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Growth hormone positive effects on craniofacial complex in Turner syndrome

Juloski

Dumančìć

Šćepan

et al. 2016

Archives of Oral Biology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Growth hormone positive effects on craniofacial complex in Turner syndrome

Juloski

Dumančìć

Šćepan

et al. 2016

Archives of Oral Biology

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“…The maxilla seems to be less affected than the mandible. The mandibular plane angle has been reported to be greater than normal in GH-deficient patients [20,21,22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of an altered body growth on craniofacial structures have been studied in children and adolescents with reduced somatic growth of different causes [20,21]. In the literature, there is little research on the reactions of the craniofacial complex to an overall increase in the body mass [23,24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Craniofacial morphology in overweight and obese orthodontic adolescent patients

Olszewska¹

2017

J Pre Clin Clin Res.

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Introduction and objective. There is an evidence suggesting that obesity may influence the timing of puberty and growth patterns. There are few research on the reactions of the craniofacial complex to an overall increase in the body mass. Thus the objective of the study was to investigate if overweight or obesity may influence craniofacial morphology in adolescent orthodontic patients. Material and methods. In total, 77 patients aged 11-16 years were selected for the retrospective analysis. The study group comprised 37 overweight or obese individuals (mean age: 13,45±2,15). The control group included 40 normal-weight subjects (mean age: 13.79±1.81). Body mass index (BMI) percentile of each patient was assessed with the use of BMI score and age-and sex specific growth charts in accordance with International Obesity Task Force (IOTF). Craniofacial measurements included in the study were performed on the tracings of lateral cephalometric radiographs. The data was analyzed by STATISTICA 10 for Windows Software. Results. Both females and males of the study group exhibited significantly greater mandible length (Cd-Gn), corpus length (Go-Pg), midfacial length (Cd-A) and lower anterior facial height (Ans-Me) (p<0.05), as well as SNB, SNPg and ML/SN angles (p<0.05) compared to the normal-weight controls. Moreover, high BMI females showed greater maxillary length (Pm-A) and SNA angle (p<0.05), whereas males exhibited greater posterior facial height (S-Go) (p<0.05) compared to the controls. Conclusions. Weight status is an important factor that can affect craniofacial growth pattern and should be taken into consideration when planning orthopaedic treatment in adolescent patients.

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“…The dimensions of hands, feet, scapular and pelvic girth are also reduced, reflecting the effect of GH on bone growth (37). Conversely, the reduction of the cephalic perimeter (−2.7 SDS) is less accentuated than stature (26,29) and facial height (−4.3 SDS) (61), causing a disproportion between the calvarium and the face (Fig. 3), resulting in a 'doll' or cherubim angel facies.…”

Section: Bone Growth and Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These features have been published in 42 different publications (2,19,22,25,27,29,30,31,32,33,36,37,38,40,41,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,56,57,61,62,63,64,66,67,68,74,75,76,77,78,79,80). We have used this experiment of nature to discover 'usual laws of nature' as suggested by William Harvey, and to understand some aspects of more common conditions such as short stature, insulin resistance, diabetes, atherosclerosis, osteoporosis, cancer and ultimately longevity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: The multiple facets of GHRH/GH/IGF-I axis: lessons from lifetime, untreated, isolated GH deficiency due to a GHRH receptor gene mutation

Aguiar‐Oliveira

Souza

Oliveira

et al. 2017

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Twenty years ago, we described kindred of 105 individuals with isolated GH deficiency (IGHD) in Itabaianinha County, in northeast Brazil, carrying a homozygous mutation in the GH-releasing hormone receptor gene. These subjects exhibit markedly reduced GH responsiveness to stimulatory tests, and anterior pituitary hypoplasia. Serum concentrations of IGF-I, IGF binding protein type 3 and the acid-labile subunit are markedly reduced, with a lesser reduction of IGF-II. The most striking physical findings of these IGHD individuals are the proportionate short stature, doll facies, high-pitched voice and visceral obesity with reduced fat-free mass. There is neither microphallus, nor neonatal hypoglycemia. Puberty is delayed, menopause anticipated, but fertility is preserved in both genders. The reduction in bone sizes is not even, with mean standard deviation scores for height of −7.2, total maxillary length of −6.5, total facial height of −4.3 and cephalic perimeter of −2.7. In addition, the non-osseous growth is not uniform, preserving some organs, like pancreas, liver, kidney, brain and eyes, and compromising others such as thyroid, heart, uterus and spleen. These subjects present higher prevalence of dizziness, mild high-tones sensorineural hearing loss, reduction of vascular retinal branching points, increase of optic disk, genu valgum and increased systolic blood pressure. Biochemically, they have high low density lipoprotein cholesterol and C-reactive protein levels, but maintain increased insulin sensitivity, and do not show premature atherosclerosis. Finally, they have normal immune function, and normal longevity. This review details the findings and summarizes 20 years of clinical research carried out in this unique population.

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Cephalometric features in isolated growth hormone deficiency

Abstract: Congenital, untreated IGHD causes reduction of all linear measurements of craniofacial growth, particularly total maxillary length. Angular measurements and facial height ratios are less affected, suggesting that lGHD causes proportional blunting of craniofacial growth.

Cited by 27 publications

References 35 publications

Growth hormone positive effects on craniofacial complex in Turner syndrome

Growth hormone positive effects on craniofacial complex in Turner syndrome

Craniofacial morphology in overweight and obese orthodontic adolescent patients

MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: The multiple facets of GHRH/GH/IGF-I axis: lessons from lifetime, untreated, isolated GH deficiency due to a GHRH receptor gene mutation

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