CeO₂/CuO@N‐GQDs@NH₂ nanocomposite as a high‐performance catalyst for the synthesis of benzo[g]chromenes

Abstract

A three‐component reaction of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile or ethyl cyanoacetate and 2‐hydroxy‐1,4‐naphthaquinone has been achieved in the presence of an amino‐functionalized CeO2/CuO@ nitrogen graphene quantum dot nanocomposite as a highly effective heterogeneous catalyst to produce benzo[g]chromenes. The catalyst has been characterized by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry. This new catalyst has been demonstrated to be highly effective in the preparation of benzo[g]chromenes.

Recent Advances in the Synthesis of 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (Lawsone) Derivatives

“…This research highlights the potential of the CeO2/CuO@N-GQDs@NH2 nanocomposite as an effective catalyst for the synthesis of benzo[g]chromenes (Scheme 6). 34 Scheme 6 Synthesis of benzo[g]chromenes using CeO2/CuO@N-GQDs@NH2 nanocomposite 17a-k.…”

Innovative Synthesis of PANI/Cu2O Nanocomposite and Its Antibacterial Properties**

“…XRD analysis further confirms the strong binding between PANI and Cu 2 O (Figure 3). The XRD diffraction pattern of PANI shows diffraction peaks at 14.91°(2θ), 20.56°(2θ) and 25.33 (2θ), corresponding to the 011, 100 and 110 crystal planes of PANI, [34,36] whereas those of PANI/Cu 2 O show strong resonance at the diffraction angle 2θ of 29.49°, 36.49°, 42.45°, 61.33°and 75.54°, corresponding to the crystal plane (110), ( 111), ( 200), (220), and (311), which are consistent with the standard library cuprous oxide spectra (JCPDS05-667), wherein no copper or copper oxide impurities was identified. [30,31]…”

“…The XPS survey spectrum (Figure 7) indicates the presence of C1s, N1s, O1s, and Cu2p at the binding energy of 284.8, 400.1, 533.1, and 935.0 eV respectively. [34] In the high-resolution spectrum of C 1s (Figure 8a), three peaks can be resolved corresponding to CÀ N (286.3 eV), CÀ C (284.5 eV), and C=O (288.0 eV) respectively. The overall asymmetric profile of N1s can be decomposed into three peaks (Figure 8b), centered at 400.8, 399.9 and 398.3 eV, representing À N + =, -NH-, À N=, [30,37] revealing the positive charged nature of PANI.…”

CuSO4 nanoparticles loaded onto poly (toluenesulfonic acid‐formaldehyde)/polyethyleneimine composites: An efficient retrievable catalyst for A3/decarboxylative A3 reactions

“…Therefore, heterogenization of homogenous catalyst on a suitable carrier is a more efficient way to tackle these obstacles of homogeneous catalysis which makes it practical for the synthesis of diversely molecules with pharmaceutical and biochemical applications in laboratorial and industrial scales. [ 4–10 ] In order to achieve this purpose, heterogeneous catalysis has drawn much more focus. Among the heterogeneous catalysts, because copper catalysts are low cost, readily available, and high active, some heterogenized copper salts and its complexes were successfully used to catalyze A 3 and decarboxylative A 3 couplings.…”