Century-Scale Responses of Ecosystem Carbon Storage and Flux to Multiple Environmental Changes in the Southern United States

Tian, Hanqin; Chen, Guangsheng; Zhang, Chi; Liu, Mingliang; Sun, Ge; Chappelka, Arthur H.; Ren, Wei; Xu, Xiaofeng; Lü, Chaoqun; Pan, Shufen; Chen, Hua; Hui, Dafeng; McNulty, Steven G.; Lockaby, Graeme; Vance, Eric D.

doi:10.1007/s10021-012-9539-x

Cited by 143 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The DLEM is a highly integrated process-based ecosystem model, which combines biophysical characteristics, plant physiological processes, biogeochemical cycles, vegetation dynamics, and land use to make daily, spatially explicit estimates of carbon, nitrogen, and water fluxes and pool sizes in terrestrial ecosystems from site and regional to global scales (Lu and Tian, 2013;Tian et al, 2012. The DLEM is characterized of cohort structure, multiple soil layer processes, coupled carbon, water, and nitrogen cycles, multiple GHG emissions simulation, enhanced land surface processes, and dynamic linkages between terrestrial and riverine ecosystems (Liu et al, 2013;Tian et al, 2010.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preindustrial nitrous oxide emissions from the land biosphere estimated by using a global biogeochemistry model

Tian

Lü

et al. 2017

Clim. Past

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Abstract. To accurately assess how increased global nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emission has affected the climate system requires a robust estimation of the preindustrial N 2 O emissions since only the difference between current and preindustrial emissions represents net drivers of anthropogenic climate change. However, large uncertainty exists in previous estimates of preindustrial N 2 O emissions from the land biosphere, while preindustrial N 2 O emissions on the finer scales, such as regional, biome, or sector scales, have not been well quantified yet. In this study, we applied a processbased Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model (DLEM) to estimate the magnitude and spatial patterns of preindustrial N 2 O fluxes at the biome, continental, and global level as driven by multiple environmental factors. Uncertainties associated with key parameters were also evaluated. Our study indicates that the mean of the preindustrial N 2 O emission was approximately 6.20 Tg N yr −1 , with an uncertainty range of 4.76 to 8.13 Tg N yr −1 . The estimated N 2 O emission varied significantly at spatial and biome levels. South America, Africa, and Southern Asia accounted for 34.12, 23.85, and 18.93 %, respectively, together contributing 76.90 % of global total emission. The tropics were identified as the major source of N 2 O released into the atmosphere, accounting for 64.66 % of the total emission. Our multi-scale estimates provide a robust reference for assessing the climate forcing of anthropogenic N 2 O emission from the land biosphere

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Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preindustrial nitrous oxide emissions from the land biosphere estimated by using a global biogeochemistry model

Tian

Lü

et al. 2017

Clim. Past

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“…From a socioeconomic perspective, present plantation forests in the CONUS generate positive economic profits along with providing good environmental services. From a carbon credit perspective, the plantation forests in the South are regarded as a major contributor to carbon sink in the CONUS and North America King et al, 2012;Tian et al, 2012Tian et al, , 2014; however, recent studies (Achat et al, 2015a, b;Nave et al, 2010) suggested that the shorter rotation age and some intensive management practices (e.g., site preparation for soil bedding, slash burning, and harvest residue raking) might reduce soil carbon stocks in plantation forests, implying that plantation forests could be a carbon source. From the hydrological perspective, plantation forests may increase water use and alter the water cycle due to higher productivity and management practices (e.g., short rotation, mechanic site preparation, and drainage), especially in the regions with strong precipitation limitation (Vose et al, 2012).…”

Section: Conclusion and Outlooksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal patterns of plantation forests in the United States since the 1930s: an annual and gridded data set for regional Earth system modeling

Chen

Pan

Hayes

et al. 2017

Earth Syst. Sci. Data

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Abstract. Plantation forest area in the conterminous United States (CONUS) ranked second among the world's nations in the land area apportioned to forest plantation. As compared to the naturally regenerated forests, plantation forests demonstrate significant differences in biophysical characteristics, and biogeochemical and hydrological cycles as a result of more intensive management practices. Inventory data have been reported for multiple time periods on plot, state, and regional scales across the CONUS, but the requisite annual and spatially explicit plantation data set over a long-term period for analysis of the role of plantation management on regional or national scales is lacking. Through synthesis of multiple inventory data sources, this study developed methods to spatialize the time series plantation forest and tree species distribution data for the CONUS over the 1928-2012 time period. According to this new data set, plantation forest area increased from near zero in the 1930s to 268.27 thousand km 2 in 2012, accounting for 8.65 % of the total forestland area in the CONUS. Regionally, the South contained the highest proportion of plantation forests, accounting for about 19.34 % of total forestland area in 2012. This time series and gridded data set developed here can be readily applied in regional Earth system modeling frameworks for assessing the impacts of plantation management practices on forest productivity, carbon and nitrogen stocks, and greenhouse gases (e.g., CO 2 , CH 4 , and N 2 O) and water fluxes on regional or national scales. The gridded plantation distribution and tree species maps, and the interpolated state-level annual tree planting area and plantation area during 1928-2012, are available from https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.873558.

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“…The model representation of underlying processes determining carbon assimilation and loss are described by Tian et al (2010a). Recently, we updated the model to the DLEM 2.0 to include the dynamic linkages between terrestrial and riverine ecosystems Tian et al, 2012). Here, we provide a brief description on how the DLEM simulates primary productivity (GPP and NPP) in the next section.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of climate variability and extremes on global net primary production in the first decade of the 21st century

et al. 2015

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A wide variety of studies have estimated the magnitude of global terrestrial net primary production (NPP), but its variations, both spatially and temporally, still remain uncertain. By using an improved process-based terrestrial ecosystem model (DLEM, Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model), we provide an estimate of global terrestrial NPP induced by multiple environmental factors and examine the response of terrestrial NPP to climate variability at biome and global levels and along latitudes throughout the first decade of the 21st century. The model simulation estimates an average global terrestrial NPP of 54.6 Pg C yr -1 during 2000-2009, varying from 52.8 Pg C yr -1 in the dry year of 2002 to 56.4 Pg C yr -1 in the wet year of 2008. In wet years, a large increase in terrestrial NPP compared to the decadal mean was prevalent in Amazonia, Africa and Australia. In dry years, however, we found a 3.2% reduction in global terrestrial NPP compared to the decadal mean, primarily due to limited moisture supply in tropical regions. At a global level, precipitation explained approximately 63% of the variation in terrestrial NPP, while the rest was attributed to changes in temperature and other environmental factors. Precipitation was the major factor determining inter-annual variation in terrestrial NPP in low-latitude regions. However, in mid-and high-latitude regions, temperature variability largely controlled the magnitude of terrestrial NPP. Our results imply that projected climate warming and increasing climate extreme events would alter the magnitude and spatiotemporal patterns of global terrestrial NPP.

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Century-Scale Responses of Ecosystem Carbon Storage and Flux to Multiple Environmental Changes in the Southern United States

Cited by 143 publications

References 68 publications

Preindustrial nitrous oxide emissions from the land biosphere estimated by using a global biogeochemistry model

Preindustrial nitrous oxide emissions from the land biosphere estimated by using a global biogeochemistry model

Spatial and temporal patterns of plantation forests in the United States since the 1930s: an annual and gridded data set for regional Earth system modeling

Impacts of climate variability and extremes on global net primary production in the first decade of the 21st century

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