Centromere Engineering as an Emerging Tool for Haploid Plant Production: Advances and Challenges

Karimi-Ashtiyani, Raheleh

doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-1331-3_1

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Defects in the pathways that regulate centromere assembly and function affect the proper chromosome segregation and lead to chromosome instability and lethality in various organisms ( Maheshwari et al, 2015 ; Britt and Kuppu, 2016 ; Barra and Fachinetti, 2018 ). Also, the alteration of CENH3 that impairs its loading and maintenance results in chromosome missegregation ( Au et al, 2008 ; Pidoux et al, 2009 ; Ravi and Chan, 2010 ; Karimi-Ashtiyani et al, 2015 ; Kuppu et al, 2015 , 2020 ; Shrestha et al, 2017 ; Karimi-Ashtiyani, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Only the Rye Derived Part of the 1BL/1RS Hybrid Centromere Incorporates CENH3 of Wheat

2021

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The precise assembly of the kinetochore complex at the centromere is epigenetically determined by substituting histone H3 with the centromere-specific histone H3 variant CENH3 in centromeric nucleosomes. The wheat-rye 1BL/1RS translocation chromosome in the background of wheat resulted from a centric misdivision followed by the fusion of the broken arms of chromosomes 1B and 1R from wheat and rye, respectively. The resulting hybrid (dicentric)centromere is composed of both wheat and rye centromeric repeats. As CENH3 is a marker for centromere activity, we applied Immuno-FISH followed by ultrastructural super-resolution microscopy to address whether both or only parts of the hybrid centromere are active. Our study demonstrates that only the rye-derived centromere part incorporates CENH3 of wheat in the 1BL/1RS hybrid centromere. This finding supports the notion that one centromere part of a translocated chromosome undergoes inactivation, creating functional monocentric chromosomes to maintain chromosome stability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Only the Rye Derived Part of the 1BL/1RS Hybrid Centromere Incorporates CENH3 of Wheat

2021

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“…The potential mechanisms underlying CENH3-mediated haploid induction have been summarized and discussed, and several hypotheses and theories have been proposed in recent reviews [ 36 , 38 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ]. CENH3-induced haploids are the result of post-fertilization genome elimination [ 53 ].…”

Section: Cenh3-mediated Haploid Embryogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Roads to Haploid Embryogenesis

Shen

Zhao

2023

Plants

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Although zygotic embryogenesis is usually studied in the field of seed biology, great attention has been paid to the methods used to generate haploid embryos due to their applications in crop breeding. These mainly include two methods for haploid embryogenesis: in vitro microspore embryogenesis and in vivo haploid embryogenesis. Although microspore culture systems and maize haploid induction systems were discovered in the 1960s, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying haploid formation. In recent years, major breakthroughs have been made in in vivo haploid induction systems, and several key factors, such as the matrilineal (MTL), baby boom (BBM), domain of unknown function 679 membrane protein (DMP), and egg cell-specific (ECS) that trigger in vivo haploid embryo production in both the crops and Arabidopsis models have been identified. The discovery of these haploid inducers indicates that haploid embryogenesis is highly related to gamete development, fertilization, and genome stability in ealry embryos. Here, based on recent efforts to identify key players in haploid embryogenesis and to understand its molecular mechanisms, we summarize the different paths to haploid embryogenesis, and we discuss the mechanisms of haploid generation and its potential applications in crop breeding. Although these haploid-inducing factors could assist egg cells in bypassing fertilization to initiate embryogenesis or trigger genome elimination in zygotes after fertilization to form haploid embryos, the fertilization of central cells to form endosperms is a prerequisite step for haploid formation. Deciphering the molecular and cellular mechanisms for haploid embryogenesis, increasing the haploid induction efficiency, and establishing haploid induction systems in other crops are critical for promoting the application of haploid technology in crop breeding, and these should be addressed in further studies.

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“…The means of naturally generating haploid plants include parthenogenesis, patrogenesis, and apogamy. However, these methods are not efficient in producing haploid plants on a large scale ( Karimi-Ashtiyani, 2021 ; Eliby et al., 2022 ). Many methods for artificially inducing haploids have been developed, such as anther culture, ovule culture, microspore culture, and chromosome elimination using a wide cross and haploid inducer (HI).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many methods for artificially inducing haploids have been developed, such as anther culture, ovule culture, microspore culture, and chromosome elimination using a wide cross and haploid inducer (HI). These strategies significantly increase the frequency of haploid production ( Castillo et al., 2021 ; Karimi-Ashtiyani, 2021 ; Sari and Solmaz, 2021 ). In particular, the doubled haploid (DH) technology based on in vivo HI is widely used to accelerate breeding programs in maize ( Zea mays L.) ( Ishii et al., 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient induction and rapid identification of haploid grains in tetraploid wheat by editing genes TtMTL and pyramiding anthocyanin markers

Chang,

Tang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Doubled haploid (DH) technology provides an effective way to generate homozygous genetic and breeding materials over a short period of time. We produced three types of homozygous TtMTL gene-edited mutants (mtl-a, mtl-b, and mtl-ab) by CRISPR/Cas9 in durum wheat. PCR restriction enzymes and sequencing confirmed that the editing efficiency was up to 53.5%. The seed-setting rates of the three types of mutants ranged from 20% to 60%. Abnormal grain phenotypes of kernel, embryo, and both embryo and endosperm abortions were observed in the progenies of the mutants. The average frequency of embryo-less grains was 25.3%. Chromosome counting, guard cell length, and flow cytometry confirmed that the haploid induction rate was in the range of 3%–21% in the cross- and self-pollinated progenies of the mtl mutants (mtl-a and mtl-ab). Furthermore, we co-transformed two vectors, pCRISPR/Cas9-MTL and pBD68-(ZmR + ZmC1), into durum wheat, to pyramide Ttmtl-edited mutations and embryo-specifically expressed anthocyanin markers, and developed a homozygous durum haploid inducer with purple embryo (DHIPE). Using DHIPE as the male parent to be crossed with the wild-type Kronos, the grains with white embryos were identified as haploid, while the grains with purple embryos were diploid. These findings will promote the breeding of new tetraploid wheat varieties.

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Centromere Engineering as an Emerging Tool for Haploid Plant Production: Advances and Challenges

Cited by 5 publications

References 110 publications

Only the Rye Derived Part of the 1BL/1RS Hybrid Centromere Incorporates CENH3 of Wheat

Only the Rye Derived Part of the 1BL/1RS Hybrid Centromere Incorporates CENH3 of Wheat

The Roads to Haploid Embryogenesis

Efficient induction and rapid identification of haploid grains in tetraploid wheat by editing genes TtMTL and pyramiding anthocyanin markers

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