Central station power generation by laser-driven fusion

Booth, L.A.

doi:10.1016/0029-5493(73)90001-0

Cited by 20 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Among the proposed wall protection schemes for such reactors is the ''porous wetted wall'' concept, originally proposed by Los Alamos in 1972 [3,4], and later adopted by several conceptual reactor designs [5][6][7][8][9][10]. In a typical rendition of such a design [5], a thin (0.4-0.6 mm) film of liquid lead is permitted to form on the inner surface of the reactor cavity by continually injecting the liquid lead through the porous silicon carbide first wall (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Rayleigh–Taylor instability for confined liquid films with injection through the bounding surfaces

Abdelall

Abdel‐Khalik

Sadowski

et al. 2006

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Rayleigh–Taylor instability for confined liquid films with injection through the bounding surfaces

Abdelall

Abdel‐Khalik

Sadowski

et al. 2006

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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“…These flow structures are associated with an increase in surface area and result in favorable heat transfer rates or analogously mass transfer rates in multicomponent solutions [1][2][3]. Not surprisingly, falling films are encountered in various technical systems in energy and process engineering, from heat exchangers and distillation processes to nuclear fusion reactor design [4][5][6] or coating processes and the fabrication of polymer shells [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spanwise structuring and rivulet formation in suspended falling liquid films

Rietz

Kneer²,

Scheid

et al. 2021

Phys. Rev. Fluids

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In suspended falling films, i.e., films on the underside of a bounding wall with arbitrary inclination, the surface film topology evolves towards a distinct spanwise structuring of the flow into rivulets, which is potentially accompanied by dripping events. Experimental data suggest a connection between long-term spanwise structuring and primary instabilities of the film surface. However, available experimental data regarding this connection remain nonconclusive. Hence, the present study aims at elucidating the evolution of a suspended falling film from varying imposed initial conditions to the emergence of spanwise modulations and rivulet formation. The study is carried out by means of extended numerical simulations employing a weighted residual integral boundary layer model for falling liquid films. The investigated parameter space covers recent experimental data on the topic. Varying imposed initial conditions, Reynolds number, Kapitza number, as well as wall inclination, several possible causes for a deviation of observed spanwise wavelengths from the one predicted by the primary Rayleigh-Taylor mechanism, are identified. This includes a distinct influence of initial conditions, asynchronous destabilization of consecutive wavefronts, competing short wave capillary instabilities, and rivulet interaction.

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“…The use of thin films of liquid lithium to protect the first wall was proposed in a pioneering study by Booth (1973) at LASL (Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory). The present research program grew out of a modified version of the LASL wetted-first-wall concept proposed at LLL (Lawrence Livermore Laboratory) and referred to as the suppressed-ablation coincept (Hovingh et al, 1974).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Behavior of Falling Liquid Films at High Surface Tension Numbers

Hoffman¹,

Potts²

1979

Ind. Eng. Chem. Fund.

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The work was made possible by the provision of an S.R.C. research grant and by a studentship from the S.R.C. and Thorn Lighting Ltd. d,, diameter of percolating particles ( L ) d,, diameter .~ of largest particle that can percolate spontaneously ( L ) E,, bulk particle diffusion coefficient ( L 2 T 1 ) kf,k,,kh,k$,, constants Nb, number of bulk particles in system N,, number of bulk particles having separation in region q p , probability q, region R , largest distance between surface of bulk particle and extremity of cage containing bulk particle (L) colation ( L ) R*, critical value of R which, if exceeded, will lead to per- Greek LettersThe application of thin, falling liquid films of lithium to cool the inner walls of future laser fusion reactors has been investigated. In order to extend the existing experimental results on falling films to the higher surface tension numbers characberistic of alkali metals such as lithium, experiments using hot water on a vertical plate were run, primarily in the wavy laminar flow regime. Results show that very low minimum flow rates can fully wet the surface provided that the surface is carefully cleaned and preconditioned. Both the wave inception distance and the equilibrium wave arnplitude decrease as the surface tension number increases for a given flow Reynolds number. Based on these results, the scaling laws for the minimum wetting rate, the wave inception distance, and the equilibrium wave amplitude have been extended up to surface tension numbers of about 10 000.A simple algebraic solution is presented for the volume rate of flow of a power-law non-Newtonian fluid through a concentric annulus in laminar flow. This expression is valid for all values of the flow behavior index n (not just reciprocal integers as in previous solutions) and all values of the annulus aspect ratio (T = R , / R . The present solution allows calculation of either volume flow or pressure loss directly using only a pocket calculator. Previous authors obtained their results in terms of a definite integral which they could not evaluate for arbitrary n values. I t is shown how this integral may be evaluated analytically to obtain a simple algebraic result valid for all n , (T in the range.

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Central station power generation by laser-driven fusion

Cited by 20 publications

References 10 publications

On the Rayleigh–Taylor instability for confined liquid films with injection through the bounding surfaces

On the Rayleigh–Taylor instability for confined liquid films with injection through the bounding surfaces

Spanwise structuring and rivulet formation in suspended falling liquid films

Experimental Behavior of Falling Liquid Films at High Surface Tension Numbers

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