Central Serotonergic Neurons Activate and Recruit Thermogenic Brown and Beige Fat and Regulate Glucose and Lipid Homeostasis

McGlashon, Jacob; Gorecki, Michelle C.; Kozlowski, Amanda E.; Thirnbeck, Caitlin K.; Markan, Kathleen R.; Leslie, Kirstie L.; Kotas, Maya E.; Potthoff, Matthew J.; Richerson, George B.; Gillum, Matthew P.

doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2015.04.008

Cited by 73 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 68 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…On the other hand, depletion of serotonergic neurons in the CNS attenuates the thermogenesis in the interscapular BAT as well as WAT beige-ing (McGlashon et al, 2015). These studies indicate new neuronal circuits that control brown and/or beige adipocyte thermogenesis in rodents.…”

Section: Human Batmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brown and Beige Fat: Physiological Roles beyond Heat Generation

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since brown adipose tissue (BAT) dissipates energy through UCP1, BAT has garnered attention as a therapeutic intervention for obesity and metabolic diseases including type2 diabetes. As we better understand the physiological roles of classical brown and beige adipocytes, it is becoming clear that BAT is not simply a heat-generating organ. Increased beige fat mass in response to a variety of external/internal cues is associated with significant improvements in glucose and lipid homeostasis that may not be entirely mediated by UCP1. We aim to discuss recent insights regarding the developmental lineages, molecular regulation, and new functions for brown and beige adipocytes.

show abstract

Section: Human Batmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brown and Beige Fat: Physiological Roles beyond Heat Generation

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, Ruan et al reported that O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), a rate-limiting enzyme for O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification of cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins, suppresses browning of WAT and thermogenesis by regulating neuronal excitability in AgRP neurons (Ruan et al 2014). In addition to sympathetic neurons, serotonin (5-HT) neurons were recently reported to recruit and activate brown and beige adipocytes and subsequently regulate glucose and lipid homeostasis (McGlashon et al 2015). These findings strongly suggest that CNS plays a critical role in sensing cold, feeding and stress and regulating adaptive thermogenesis through SNS.…”

Section: Regulation Of Non-shivering Thermogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipose tissue in control of metabolism

Luo

Liu

2016

Journal of Endocrinology

460

331

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adipose tissue plays a central role in regulating whole-body energy and glucose homeostasis through its subtle functions at both organ and systemic levels. On one hand, adipose tissue stores energy in the form of lipid and controls the lipid mobilization and distribution in the body. On the other hand, adipose tissue acts as an endocrine organ and produces numerous bioactive factors such as adipokines that communicate with other organs and modulate a range of metabolic pathways. Moreover, brown and beige adipose tissue burn lipid by dissipating energy in the form of heat to maintain euthermia, and have been considered as a new way to counteract obesity. Therefore, adipose tissue dysfunction plays a prominent role in the development of obesity and its related disorders such as insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, depression and cancer. In this review, we will summarize the recent findings of adipose tissue in the control of metabolism, focusing on its endocrine and thermogenic function.

show abstract

“…It is well established that CNS networks govern sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) to regulate BAT thermogenesis and energy expenditure, thereby contributing to overall energy homeostasis (22,42,47,86). In both rodents and humans, the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is known to regulate BAT mass and activity.…”

Section: Roles Of Hypothalamic Mtorc1 Signaling In the Regulation Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothalamic roles of mTOR complex I: integration of nutrient and hormone signals to regulate energy homeostasis

Liu

2016

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-Mammalian or mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) senses nutrient, energy, and hormone signals to regulate metabolism and energy homeostasis. mTOR activity in the hypothalamus, which is associated with changes in energy status, plays a critical role in the regulation of food intake and body weight. mTOR integrates signals from a variety of "energy balancing" hormones such as leptin, insulin, and ghrelin, although its action varies in response to these distinct hormonal stimuli as well as across different neuronal populations. In this review, we summarize and highlight recent findings regarding the functional roles of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) in the hypothalamus specifically in its regulation of body weight, energy expenditure, and glucose/lipid homeostasis. Understanding the role and underlying mechanisms behind mTOR-related signaling in the brain will undoubtedly pave new avenues for future therapeutics and interventions that can combat obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes. mTOR; hypothalamus; hormones; nutrients; energy homeostasis BALANCED FOOD INTAKE and energy expenditure are key to maintaining energy homeostasis, whereas impaired regulation of this balance leads to excessive weight gain and obesity. Food intake and energy expenditure are primarily controlled by the central nervous system (CNS), especially the hypothalamus, which acts as a key signaling hub linking CNS action to peripheral organ metabolism. Along with other nutrient sensors in different brain areas, the hypothalamus senses and integrates changes in circulating hormone and nutrient levels by relaying these peripheral signals to neuroendocrine cells, which signal behavioral and metabolic effectors to regulate whole body energy homeostasis (6,53,57,82).Extensive studies have been performed to explore the unique roles and distinct actions of several anatomically well-defined hypothalamic areas in the regulation of energy balance, including the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and ventromedial (VMH), dorsomedial (DMH), paraventricular (PVH), and lateral (LH) hypothalamus (74, 99). In the ARC, hormone and nutrient signals from the periphery induce activity changes of two subpopulations of neurons: an orexigenic population coexpressing the neurotransmitters neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related peptide (AgRP) and an anorexigenic population coexpressing proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART). Numerous studies have demonstrated that POMC/CART and AgRP/NPY neurons have direct synaptic connections with some neuronal populations located in the VMH, DMH, PVH, and LH, all of which have profound effects on feeding behavior, energy expenditure, and glucose homeostasis (82).Leptin and insulin are two important hormonal regulators of peripheral energy homeostasis, which play critical roles in mediating CNS-controlled glucose, lipid, and energy metabolism by acting on the hypothalamus. Both the insulin and leptin receptors are widely expressed in the ARC, VMH, DMH, LH, and PVH, and together or independently these two ...

show abstract

Central Serotonergic Neurons Activate and Recruit Thermogenic Brown and Beige Fat and Regulate Glucose and Lipid Homeostasis

Cited by 73 publications

References 68 publications

Brown and Beige Fat: Physiological Roles beyond Heat Generation

Brown and Beige Fat: Physiological Roles beyond Heat Generation

Adipose tissue in control of metabolism

Hypothalamic roles of mTOR complex I: integration of nutrient and hormone signals to regulate energy homeostasis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About