Central Retinal Artery Occlusion in Patients with COVID-19: Imaging                     for Underlying Causes

Au, Sunny Chi Lik; Ko, Callie Ka Li

doi:10.1148/radiol.2021210479

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…HIV retinopathy will cause micro vascular changes that mimics diabetic retinopathy, CRAO in Z positive patients is very rare, usually large vessel involvement occurs in HIV patients associated with comorbidities but in these cases the co-existing COVID-19 may be responsible for the major vascular occlusions. COVID-19 systemic infection is prone to endothelial insult with vasculitis tendency, in which bilateral CRAO would not be unusual [15]. MRI of diffusion weighted images in patients with CRAO showed retinal hyper signal diffusion of the papilla or scattered diffusion restriction over the retina.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Clinical Profile of COVID Patients During Recovery Phase at Tertiary Eye Care Centre in South India

Sultana¹,

Fathima²,

Sara³

2021

IJOVS

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BACK GROUND: Though Corona virus -19 first reported in china, Indian population in urban as well as rural areas were badly effected during second wave with involvement of various ocular structures, some patients lost vision due to retinal vascular occlusions, some patients required enucleation and orbital exenteration due to fungus infections of the eye. Patients reported with different ocular disorders were documented and intervened, were included in this study. We tried to understand whether these manifestations were due to Corona Virus or due to immune compression because of systemic disorders in Corona patients treated with oral steroids and unsterile oxygen support. Aim: Purpose is to study the various clinical manifestations noted in COVID-19 patients during second wave after treatment while recovering from the acute illness. Methods: Retrospective interventional study done at tertiary eye care centre. Duration of the study is 3months from April 2021 to June 2021.500 patients were presented to our tertiary eye care centre with various clinical manifestations. All patients underwent detailed systemic and ocular examination. Patients after treatment for COVID-19 at various hospitals across the country were presented to our institute with many opportunistic infections. Apart from history BCVA, Slit Lamp examination, fundus examination, OCT, Fundus Fluorescein Angiography and B Scan done in patients where media was hazy, documentation done in all cases. Systemic examination and other investigation like RT PCR for corona virus was done in all patients. Patients presented with orbital involvement were advised CT Scan orbit. Results: Most of the patients were badly effected with many ocular complications, very few patients could maintain normal visual acuity. Many patients developed diabetes mellitus, probably they were pre diabetics manifested after use of oral steroids. Conclusion: Second wave in India increased the mortality and also effected the quality of the life in survivors. Fatality was high due to various ocular complications in all individuals irrespective of age and immune status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Clinical Profile of COVID Patients During Recovery Phase at Tertiary Eye Care Centre in South India

Sultana¹,

Fathima²,

Sara³

2021

IJOVS

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“…COVID-19 is a condition that has been associated with thrombotic events and a hypercoagulable state. 5 , 6 There have been a few reports of Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO) and other retinal manifestations such as paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) associated with COVID-19, 1 , 7 – 10 but many of these were associated with severe COVID-19 infections. In our case, the patient suffered only very mild symptoms without being systemically unwell, yet still developed significant retinal pathology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19-associated mixed cilioretinal artery occlusion and central venous occlusion in a fit and healthy young patient

Zhou

Brodie

Jones

2022

SAGE Open Medical Case Reports

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Retinal artery occlusion is an unusual phenomenon in younger patients without background of diseases leading to hypercoagulable states. COVID-19 infection is increasingly recognised as being associated with thrombotic conditions. We present a case of a young female who is otherwise fit and well apart from recent COVID-19 infection, who presented with a mixed cilioretinal artery and venous occlusion.

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“…Neurological examinations: To rule out orbital or intracranial pathologies, CT or cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be initiated [61]. Although 90% of patients did not have neurological symptoms, Lauda et al found, in a retrospective MRI study of patients with CRAO (100 patients), BRAO (45 patients) and amaurosis fugax (68 patients), that 23% exhibited brain infarctions [62].…”

Section: Systemic Assessment and Management Of Retinal Artery Occlusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aetiology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Arterial Occlusions of the Retina—A Narrative Review

Daxer,

Radner,

Fischer

et al. 2024

Medicina

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Arterial occlusions of the retina are potentially sight-threatening diseases which often result in profound visual loss. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an overview of the aetiology, discuss major risk factors, describe the management and systemic assessments and evaluate existing therapies. For this review, an extensive literature search in PubMed was performed. Emboli from the heart or the carotid arteries can cause ophthalmic artery occlusion (OAO), central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) and branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO). Most patients with arterial occlusions have vascular risk factors such as arterial hypertension, hyperhomocysteinaemia, carotid stenosis and atrial fibrillation, which also increase the risk of cerebral stroke and myocardial infarction. Therapies such as ocular massage, thrombolysis and anterior chamber paracentesis have been suggested but are still equivocal. However, it is evident that retinal artery occlusion should be immediately treated and accompanied by interdisciplinary collaboration, since early diagnosis and the proper treatment of possible risk factors are important to reduce the risk of further damage, recurrences, other vascular diseases and mortality.

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Central Retinal Artery Occlusion in Patients with COVID-19: Imaging for Underlying Causes

Abstract: on behalf of the SFNR's COVID study group.

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Clinical Profile of COVID Patients During Recovery Phase at Tertiary Eye Care Centre in South India

Clinical Profile of COVID Patients During Recovery Phase at Tertiary Eye Care Centre in South India

COVID-19-associated mixed cilioretinal artery occlusion and central venous occlusion in a fit and healthy young patient

Aetiology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Arterial Occlusions of the Retina—A Narrative Review

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