Central Regulation of Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Secretion

Yavropoulou, Maria P; Yovos, John G.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-381517-0.00006-0

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The lower insulin response can also be partly due to the smaller increase in the concentration of GIP, which is partly responsible for the preabsorptive insulin response following a CHO meal. 30 , 31 The presence of glucose in the intestinal lumen is a potent stimulus for GIP release. 30 , 31 The lower GIP concentration with the Hi- than with the Lo-SDS breakfast, which is in line with data from Eelderink et al , 12 thus, is an evidence that glucose was released at a slower rate from the starch in the biscuits than in the extruded cereals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma glucose kinetics and response of insulin and GIP following a cereal breakfast in female subjects: effect of starch digestibility

Péronnet

Meynier²,

Sauvinet

et al. 2015

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Background/Objectives:Foods with high contents of slowly digestible starch (SDS) elicit lower glycemic responses than foods with low contents of SDS but there has been debate on the underlying changes in plasma glucose kinetics, that is, respective contributions of the increase in the rates of appearance and disappearance of plasma glucose (RaT and RdT), and of the increase in the rate of appearance of exogenous glucose (RaE) and decrease in endogenous glucose production (EGP).Subjects/Methods:Sixteen young healthy females ingested in random order four types of breakfasts: an extruded cereal (0.3% SDS: Lo-SDS breakfast) or one of three biscuits (39–45% SDS: Hi-SDS breakfasts). The flour in the cereal products was labeled with 13C, and plasma glucose kinetics were measured using [6,6-2H2]glucose infusion, along with the response of plasma glucose, insulin and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) concentrations.Results:When compared with the Lo-SDS breakfast, after the three Hi-SDS breakfasts, excursions in plasma glucose, the response of RaE, RaT and RdT, and the reduction in EGP were significantly lower (P<0.05). The amount of exogenous glucose absorbed over the 4.5-h postprandial period was also significantly lower by ~31% (P<0.001). These differences were associated with lower responses of GIP and insulin concentrations.Conclusions:Substituting extruded cereals with biscuits slows down the availability of glucose from the breakfast and its appearance in peripheral circulation, blunts the changes in plasma glucose kinetics and homeostasis, reduces excursions in plasma glucose, and possibly distributes the glucose ingested over a longer period following the meal.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma glucose kinetics and response of insulin and GIP following a cereal breakfast in female subjects: effect of starch digestibility

Péronnet

Meynier²,

Sauvinet

et al. 2015

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…However, results were similar to those of Toft-Nielsen et al, who suggested that a major secretary defect regarding GIP secretion did not seem to exist in T2DM, but they reported pronounced impairment of the postprandial GLP-1 response in T2DM subjects, particularly during the later postprandial phase (after the first 60 min). 9 However, presence of some other unidentified incretin hormones not yet discovered cannot be ruled out. Holst et al concluded that the dramatic loss in T2DM patients of the ability to dispose of orally ingested glucose (GIGD) is related to the inability of the incretin hormones to increase insulin secretion after meal or glucose load.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…being secreted during glucose ingestion and being capable of stimulating insulin secretion during similar glycemic levels and in those concentrations that are reached during glucose ingestion. [5][6][7][8][9][10] The concentrations of GIP have been reported to be elevated, decreased and unchanged in patients with T2DM. Toft-Nielsen et al found slightly decreased postprandial GIP concentrations in a large group of T2DM patients compared with a matched control group of nondiabetic subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incretin Hormones and Insulin Responses During OGTT in Newly Diagnosed T2DM Patients

Jhuma

Giasuddin

Haque³

et al. 2018

Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull

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Several research groups have reported variable results about incretin effects of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) particularly, as well as cytokines balance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The present case-control prospective interventional study was conducted in 2014-2015 at Medical College for Women & Hospital, Dhaka, investigating responses of incretin hormones and insulin to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in Bangladeshi subjects. Blood samples were collected from 36 OGTT positive adult T2DM patients (Pt) and 30 normal adults (NC) at '0' minute (fasting) and at 2 hours after OGTT. Routine laboratory investigations in blood were done and special parameters in serum, i.e. insulin, HGH, TSH, GIP and GLP-1 were analyzed using enzyme immunoassay kits. Pt had FBG and BG2Hr levels much higher than NC (p<0.001). In Pt, F-Insulin and Insulin2Hr were much lower than NC subjects (p<0.001), although Insulin2Hr level was higher than F-Insulin level in Pt. F-GIP (p=0.309) and F-GLP-1(p=0.984) levels were similar between Pt and NC. Interestingly, NC responded to OGTT by increasing GIP2Hr and GLP-1,2Hr levels about 3 times, whereas Pt responded by raising about 1.5 times only compared to F-GIP and F-GLP-1 (p< 0.001). Reduced insulin levels, both fasting and postprandial, were possibly due to decreased responses of GIP and GLP-1 to glucose load in T2DM patients. Further studies with a larger sample size including cytokines are warranted.

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“…In parallel with this finding, a growing body of in vitro and animal studies suggests that unabsorbed nutrients may stimulate the secretion of glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) in enterocytes to suppress appetite, resulting in reduced energy intake. 31 In addition, bioactive components are broken down by the gut microflora to form a wide range of bioactive products, such as equol from soy isoflavones. 32 Based on a large number of publications, it has become apparent that inflammation and oxidative stress are key features in metabolic overload.…”

Section: Culinary Plants and Metabolic Overloadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culinary plants and their potential impact on metabolic overload

Kim

Kwon

2011

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Contemporary human behavior has led a large proportion of the population to metabolic overload and obesity. Postprandial hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia evoke redox imbalance in the short term and lead to complex chronic disease in the long term with repeated occurrence. Complex diseases are best prevented with complex components of plants; thus, current nutrition research has begun to focus on the development of plant-based functional foods and dietary supplements for health and well-being. Furthermore, given the wide range of species, parts, and secondary metabolites, culinary plants can contribute significant variety and complexity to the human diet. Although understanding the health benefits of culinary plants has been one of the great challenges in nutritional science due to their inherent complexity, it is an advantageous pursuit. This review will address the challenges and opportunities relating to studies of the health benefits of culinary plants, with an emphasis on obesity attributed to metabolic overload.

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Central Regulation of Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Secretion

Cited by 8 publications

References 75 publications

Plasma glucose kinetics and response of insulin and GIP following a cereal breakfast in female subjects: effect of starch digestibility

Plasma glucose kinetics and response of insulin and GIP following a cereal breakfast in female subjects: effect of starch digestibility

Incretin Hormones and Insulin Responses During OGTT in Newly Diagnosed T2DM Patients

Culinary plants and their potential impact on metabolic overload

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