Central Osteoma Associated With Root Resorption

Abstract

Osteomas of the jaws are rare osteogenic lesions considered to be true neoplasms, characterized by the proliferation of compact and/or cancellous bone. It can be central, peripheral, or of an extraskeletal type. The central osteoma arises from the endosteum, the peripheral osteoma from the periosteum, and the extraskeletal soft tissue osteoma usually develops within a muscle. However, in a previous work we have suggested that at least some peripheral osteomas may be reactive rather than neoplasms, probably associated with trauma. Some reported cases did have a clear history of trauma; however, this was not the case in the majority of cases. Whereas peripheral osteomas are fairly easy to diagnose, central osteomas pose a more challenging diagnostic problem and need to be differentiated from other similar lesions of the jaws, such as central ossifying fibroma, condensing osteitis, idiopathic osteosclerosis, osteoblastoma, cementoblastoma, and complex odontoma. With such a low number of case of central osteoma reported, the objectives of the present report are to describe a case of the central osteoma associated with partially root resorption of the mandibular first molar. Our case report participates to literature as a 11th case.

Differential diagnosis and clinical management of periapical radiopaque/hyperdense jaw lesions

“…41 In some instances, central osteomas are not related to a tooth; however, there is evidence of central osteomas associated with root displacement or root resorption. 42 Central osteoma radiographically presents as a round radiopaque mass with well-defined borders, and with apparently no radiolucent halo between the lesion and the normal bone (Figure 3, D). 5 The three types of osteomas present the same histological characteristics, comprising the presence of mature bone with compact lamella or/and trabecular bone with sparse channels of fibrovascular tissue (Figure 3, E).…”

Oral Osteoma in 6 Dogs

“…There has been debate whether the lesion is reactive in nature or truly neoplastic. 14,17 There was no known trauma as far as the authors are aware in the dogs examined in this study, however periodontal disease was apparent in 3 of the dogs. 5,6,9,14,16 There are a very limited number of known trauma-induced oral osteoma cases documented in the human literature.…”

“…It has been reported that studies often fail to differentiate between an osteoma (benign neoplasm) and exostosis (hamartoma). 6,11,14,16 The six cases included in this study had palpable masses with radiographic and histopathological diagnoses consistent with osteoma. 6,17,18 Thus, the clinical, radiographic, and histopathological findings must be used to accurately diagnose osteoma.…”

“…16 In humans, osteoma is rarely monitored with treatment instituted only after continued growth causes clinical signs. 9,13,14,18 Partial excision may be an option for cases considered nonresectable, however recurrence may be more likely especially for central osteomas. Conservative management is particularly problematic for monitoring central osteoma.…”

Comparison of two clinical cases of osteoma and odontoma complex located in the posterior region of the maxilla

“…Radiological image of central osteoma requires differentiation with complex odontoma and Garré's sclerosing osteomyelitis, eosinophilic granuloma and osteosarcoma [8]. Central osteomas are sometimes located near mandibular molars; in this form, they are often recognized as condensing osteitis or idiopathic osteosclerosis [9]. Treatment consists of radical surgical removal of the tumour.…”