Central Nervous System Mycobacterium Infection

Park, Mina; Gupta, Rakesh K.

doi:10.1016/j.nic.2022.07.006

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Histopathological studies of biopsy of brain, vertebral or intervertebral disc tissue with findings of epithelioid granulomas, caseous necrosis and Langerhans giant cells. Enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and enhanced computed tomography (CT) were the most common methods for detecting tuberculoma, leptomeningitis, stroke, hydrocephalus, spondylodiscitis, abnormalities of the spine, pre/paravertebral or epidural vertebral abscess [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bone marrow edema with contrast enhancement (early phase). Paravertebral or paraspinal abscess and vertebral body collapse [ 9 , 10 ]. The time from the onset of symptoms to the time of diagnosis in intraspinal neuroTB can range from 4 to 6 months, despite advances in imaging tools, diagnostic delay constituting a determining factor for a worse diagnosis, presentation of neurological deficit and an increase in the likelihood of using surgical management [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…M. tuberculosis spreads through the anterior and posterior spinal arteries of each vertebra, as well as through the valves of the Batson's paravertebral venous plexus [7,8]. Park et al (2023), present the following types of involvement in intraspinal neuroTB: spondylitis, spondylodiscitis, myelitis, arachnoiditis, intramedullary tuberculoma and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis [9]. Regarding spondylitis/spondylodiscitis, which can clinically present as back pain, weakness in the lower limbs and paraplegia; by imaging, the involvement of three or more vertebral bodies can be observed with little involvement of the intervertebral disc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Death can occur, in most untreated patients, within 5 to 8 weeks of illness onset [3]. Park et al (2023), classifies the following types of involvement in intracranial neuroTB: leptomeningitis, vasculitis, tuberculoma, abscess, cerebritis, miliary TB, pachymeningitis and ventriculitis and as complications of intracranial neuroTB: hydrocephalus, acute infarction and cranial nerve palsy [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intraspinal and Intracranial Neurotuberculosis, Clinical and Imaging Characteristics and Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients: A Cohort Study (2000–2022)

Corona-Nakamura,

Arias-Merino,

Miranda-Novales

et al. 2023

JCM

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Neurotuberculosis (neuroTB) is a devastating disease, and is difficult to diagnose. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical and imaging characteristics, and outcomes of a retrospective cohort (2000–2022) of hospitalized patients diagnosed with intraspinal and intracranial neuroTB. This work was designed through clinical, laboratory and imaging findings. Variables included: demographic data, history of tuberculosis, neurological complications, comorbidities and outcomes. Morbi-mortality risk factors were identified by univariate analysis. The cohort included: 103 patients with intraspinal and 82 with intracranial neuroTB. During the study period, in-hospital mortality of 3% for intraspinal and 29.6% for intracranial neuroTB was estimated. Motor deficit was found in all patients with intraspinal neuroTB. Risk factors for the unfavorable outcome of patients with intraspinal neuroTB were: age ≥ 40 years, diabetes mellitus (DM), diagnostic delay, kyphosis and spondylodiscitis ≥ 3 levels of involvement. Among the patients with intracranial neuroTB, 79/82 (96.3%) had meningitis and 22 patients had HIV infection (10 of them died). Risk factors for mortality from intracranial neuroTB were: HIV infection, hydrocephalus, stroke, lymphopenia and disseminated and gastrointestinal TB. Patients with intraspinal neuroTB had a significant number of destroyed vertebrae that determined their neurological deficit status. The mortality burden in intracranial neuroTB was conditioned by HIV infection and renal transplantation patients.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intraspinal and Intracranial Neurotuberculosis, Clinical and Imaging Characteristics and Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients: A Cohort Study (2000–2022)

Corona-Nakamura,

Arias-Merino,

Miranda-Novales

et al. 2023

JCM

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Predicting cerebral infarction in tuberculous meningitis and its prognostic significance

Aggrohia,

Bhatia,

Saroch

et al. 2024

Biomarkers in Medicine

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Intracranial infection caused by Mycobacterium rhodesiae with specific imaging findings and good response to medication: a case report and literature review

Chen,

Sun,

Liu

et al. 2024

Front. Med.

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Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are exceedingly rare etiological agents of intracranial infections. Among them, Mycobacterium rhodesiae stands out as an even less common pathogen. In this paper, we report the first documented case of a central nervous system (CNS) infection in humans caused by Mycobacterium rhodesiae, which has specific imaging findings and good response to the therapy by using Linezolid, Clarithromycin, and Minocycline. The diagnosis was facilitated by a comprehensive multimodal approach, incorporating multisite imaging, cerebrospinal fluid analysis via next-generation sequencing (NGS), and targeted genetic testing. Furthermore, this paper provides a derivation of the clinical characteristics observed in other documented instances of CNS infections attributable to NTM and based on a review of the current literature. Our experience contributes to the evidence that is needed to understand the full spectrum of NTM-related CNS pathologies and underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary diagnostic process in atypical presentations of intracranial infections.

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Central Nervous System Mycobacterium Infection

Cited by 3 publications

References 77 publications

Intraspinal and Intracranial Neurotuberculosis, Clinical and Imaging Characteristics and Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients: A Cohort Study (2000–2022)

Intraspinal and Intracranial Neurotuberculosis, Clinical and Imaging Characteristics and Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients: A Cohort Study (2000–2022)

Predicting cerebral infarction in tuberculous meningitis and its prognostic significance

Intracranial infection caused by Mycobacterium rhodesiae with specific imaging findings and good response to medication: a case report and literature review

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