Central Nervous System-Derived Exosomal Alpha-Synuclein in Serum May Be a Biomarker in Parkinson’s Disease

Su, Xiaoli; Tian, Jun; Chen, Yanxing; Yan, Yaping; Pu, Jiali; Zhang, Baorong

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.05.015

Cited by 85 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…due to their small size, exosomes can pass through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) freely (11)(12)(13). exosomes can be used as biomarkers for several neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease and prion diseases (14)(15)(16). exosomes have been shown to contain full-length amyloid precursor protein, β-secretase, γ-secretase and amyloid (a)β, which are involved in the pathological process of development of ad (17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated plasma levels of exosomal BACE1‑AS combined with the volume and thickness of the right entorhinal cortex may serve as a biomarker for the detection of Alzheimer's disease

Wang

Bian

et al. 2020

Mol Med Rep

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long non-coding rna (lncrna) and exosomes are involved in the pathological process of alzheimer's disease (ad), the pathological changes of which are usually first observed in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the measurement of plasma exosomal lncrna combined with image data of the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus could be used as a biomarker of ad. a total of 72 patients with ad and 62 controls were recruited, and the expression levels of several lncrnas were assessed. of the recruited participants, 22 patients and 26 controls received brain 3d-BraVo sequence magnetic resonance imaging (Mri) scans, which were analyzed using an automated analysis tool. The plasma exosomal β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1-antisense transcript (BACE1-AS) levels in patients with AD were significantly higher compared with the controls (P<0.005). receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve (auc) was 0.761 for Bace1-aS, the sensitivity was 87.5%, and the specificity was 61.3%. Analysis of MRI images indicated that the right entorhinal cortex volume (P=0.015) and thickness (P= 0.022) in patients with AD were significantly smaller. The auc was 0.688 for the right entorhinal cortex volume, with a sensitivity of 59.1%, and the specificity was 84.6%. The auc was 0.689 for right entorhinal cortex thickness, with a sensitivity of 80.8%, and the specificity was 59.1%. a series-parallel test which integrated the Bace1-aS with the right entorhinal cortex volume and thickness, raised the specificity and sensitivity to 96.15 and 90.91%, respectively. a logistic regression model demonstrated that combination of the 3 indices provided improved sensitivity and specificity simultaneously, particularly when adjusting for age and sex (AUC, 0.819; sensitivity, 81%; specificity, 73.1%). The results of the present study demonstrated that detection of plasma exosomal Bace1-aS levels combined with the volume and thickness of the right entorhinal cortex may be used as a novel biomarker of ad.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated plasma levels of exosomal BACE1‑AS combined with the volume and thickness of the right entorhinal cortex may serve as a biomarker for the detection of Alzheimer's disease

Wang

Bian

et al. 2020

Mol Med Rep

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“…EV-associated α-Syn has been detected in saliva, plasma, CSF, and serum from PD patients. Although sometimes its levels were found controversial in different reports, it is possible to envisage the use of EV-α-Syn as a valid PD biomarker in the near future [161][162][163][164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171].…”

Section: Pd Signature Markers In Evsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Vesicles as Nanotherapeutics for Parkinson’s Disease

et al. 2020

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are naturally occurring membranous structures secreted by normal and diseased cells, and carrying a wide range of bioactive molecules. In the central nervous system (CNS), EVs are important in both homeostasis and pathology. Through receptor–ligand interactions, direct fusion, or endocytosis, EVs interact with their target cells. Accumulating evidence indicates that EVs play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative disorders (NDs), including Parkinson′s disease (PD). PD is the second most common ND, characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons within the Substantia Nigra pars compacta (SNpc). In PD, EVs are secreted by both neurons and glial cells, with either beneficial or detrimental effects, via a complex program of cell-to-cell communication. The functions of EVs in PD range from their etiopathogenetic relevance to their use as diagnostic tools and innovative carriers of therapeutics. Because they can cross the blood–brain barrier, EVs can be engineered to deliver bioactive molecules (e.g., small interfering RNAs, catalase) within the CNS. This review summarizes the latest findings regarding the role played by EVs in PD etiology, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy, with a particular focus on their use as novel PD nanotherapeutics.

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“…Later, in 2019 Xiaoli Si determined, that CNS-produced exosomal α-synuclein in blood plasma can be regarded as a biomarker for the differential diagnosis between essential tremor and early stages of PD [30]. Using newly developed electrochemiluminescence assays, Chen Tian et al found that the level of total and aggregated α-synuclein were higher in the erythrocytes membrane fractions of PD patients than in healthy controls [31].…”

Section: Aimmentioning

confidence: 99%