Central aortic pressure, arterial stiffness and echocardiographic parameters of children with overweight/obesity and arterial hypertension

Abstract

Background. A non-invasive estimation of central aortic pressure and echocardiographic parameters, and appropriate interpretation thereof make it possible to determine the status of the vascular wall and myocardium. These parameters are early markers of unfavorable remodeling of the cardiovascular system.

Haemodynamics of Hypertension in Children

“…The ENIGMA study [ 16 ••] reported AIx to be significantly lower in young adults with ISH, compared to control group. Other studies [ 25 ••, 32 , 51 ••] have reported no significant difference in AIx between hypertensive and control children and adolescents. A more direct measure of reflection is the reflection coefficient, obtained by mathematical separation of forward and backward waves (from pressure and flow), as the ratio of the amplitude of the backward to forward wave.…”

“…Sorof et al found that HR was highest in obese hypertensive schoolchildren, and lowest in normotensive, non-obese children [ 17 ]. Compared with normotensive children, hypertensive children with obesity or overweight have higher CO [ 31 , 32 ]. This increased CO is thought to be driven by the increased metabolic demands seen in overweight/obese children [ 33 ].…”

Measures of ejection duration and subendocardial viability ratio in normal weight and overweight adolescent children

“…The results of our study are in line with the literature indicating that OW children report increased cf‐PWV and ASBP compared to NW children (Celik et al, 2011; Correia‐Costa et al, 2016; Dangardt et al, 2013; Garcia‐Espinosa et al, 2016). Wojtowicz et al (2017) observed that obese children had higher PWV and central SBP compared to their normal weight counterpart and that the hypertensive children reported the highest aortic SBP, PWV, and left ventricular mass (Wojtowicz et al, 2017). These results suggest the potential for maladaptive cardiac remodeling in these individuals.…”

Early diagnosis of increased stiffness of great vessels in adolescents with functional pathology of vegetative genesis

“…Повышение центрального систолического давления служит независимым предиктором гипертрофии миокарда. Продемонстрировано, что подростки с ожирением и артериальной гипертензией имеют достоверно более высокие значения центрального систолического и диастолического давления, скорости распространения пульсовой волны, что коррелирует с увеличением массы миокарда левого желудочка [29]. В исследовании параметров ригидности сосудистой стенки в группах подростков с артериальной гипертензией и с нор-мальным АД было показано, что повышение центрального систолического и пульсового давления при артериальной гипертензии не зависит от наличия сопутствующей дислипидемиии [30].…”