Central anticonvulsant effects of magnesium sulfate on N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced seizures

Cotton, David B.; Hallak, Mordechai; Janusz, Cynthia A.; Irtenkauf, Susan M.; Berman, Robert F.

doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(12)90855-8

Cited by 100 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Many obstetricians administer intrapartum and postpartum seizure prophylaxis to all women with preeclampsia, based on randomized trials that demonstrated that magnesium sulfate reduced the risk of convulsion in preeclampsia [9,10]. The mechanisms that MgSO 4 is effective in prevention of convulsion in eclempsia are probably vasodilation and lowering of systemic blood pressure, protecting the blood-brain barrier (BBB) from cerebral edema [11][12][13]. Magnesium also may act by stimulating production of prostacyclin by endothelial cells causing vasodilation [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Magnesium Sulphate more Effective than Placebo in Prevention of Seizure in Mild Preeclampsia? A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Khooshideh¹,

Teimori²,

Bitarafan³

2017

Int J Neurorehabilitation Eng

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Magnesium Sulphate more Effective than Placebo in Prevention of Seizure in Mild Preeclampsia? A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Khooshideh¹,

Teimori²,

Bitarafan³

2017

Int J Neurorehabilitation Eng

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“…[6] Recently, the addition of intravenous magnesium sulphate to a pharmacological antishivering regimen increased the cooling rate in unanaesthetised volunteers. [7] The drug not only exerts a central effect, [8] but is also a mild muscle relaxant [9] and may thus simultaneously reduce the gain of shivering (Incremental shivering intensity with progressing hypothermia). [10] This study was designed to assess the effectiveness of magnesium sulphate when given prophylactically in the control of shivering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium Sulphate Infusion Prevents Shivering During Spinal Anaesthesia: A Randomised Double Blinded Controlled Study

Gomathi¹,

Sudhakar²

2016

jemds

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Spinal anaesthesia is the most common form of anaesthesia in our hospital. Shivering is a very common complication in patients undergoing surgery under spinal anaesthesia. Shivering increases expenditure of cardiac and systemic energy resulting in increased oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production, lactic acidosis and raises intraocular and intracranial pressure. It also interferes with haemodynamic monitoring intraoperatively. Regional anaesthesia produces vasodilatation, which facilitates core to peripheral distribution of heat. It also increases sweating threshold and decreases vasoconstriction and shivering threshold. Intra-and postoperative management of shivering is usually done by external heating (Forced air warming, warming blankets), warmed fluids or pharmacological intervention. Prevention and treatment of established shivering should be regarded as clinically relevant intervention in the perioperative period. Therefore, a randomized double-blind control study was done using magnesium sulphate infusion in the prevention of shivering in our hospital. The aim of our study is to assess the efficacy of magnesium sulphate when used for prevention of shivering following spinal anaesthesia. METHODSInstitutional Ethical Committee approval and informed consent were obtained from all patients.INCLUSION CRITERIA 80 patients of ASA 1 and 2 belonging to either sex, aged between 18-65 years undergoing lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries were included in the study. EXCLUSION CRITERIAPatients suffering from neuromuscular disease, hyperthyroidism, cardiopulmonary disease, psychological disease, refusal to participate or temperature more than 38*C or less than 36.5*C. The patients were randomized into 2 groups namely Group M and Group C. Group M -Each of Group M patients were designated to receive 2 gms (4 mL) of magnesium sulphate in the preloading fluid over a period of 20-30 minutes. Group C -Each of Group C patients were designated to receive 4 mL of normal saline as control in the preloading fluid over a period of 20-30 minutes. Following a detailed pre-anaesthetic checkup along with relevant investigations, patients were brought to the operation theatre and connected to monitors. Then the vital signs of the patients including heart rate, temperature, non-invasive blood pressure, respiratory rate and SpO2 were continuously monitored and recorded. Both group of patients were pre-loaded with 15 mL/kg of Ringer lactate before giving spinal anaesthesia. GROUP MThe study drug of 4 mL of Inj. Magnesium Sulphate was coded and presented to the anaesthetist not involved in the management of the patient and administered by intravenous infusion by adding it in the preloading fluid before spinal anaesthesia over a period of 20-30 minutes. GROUP CThe control drug of 4 mL of normal saline was coded and presented to the anaesthetist not involved in the management of the patient and administered by intravenous infusion by adding it in the preloading fluid before spinal anaesthesia over a period of 20-30 minut...

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“…Mechanism of action of both magnesium and zinc in mediating their antidepressant activities is supposed to be through NMDA receptor antagonism (Szewczyk et al, 2008). Magnesium has been found to be beneficial in treating certain medical emergencies and it is a preferred anticonvulsant in prophylaxis and treatment of preeclampsia and eclampsia (Frakes et al, 1997). Though mechanism behind its anticonvulsant action is not clear, evidences for it being mediated through antagonism of NMDA receptors are strongly supportive (Cotton et al, 1993 andHallak et al,1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magnesium has been found to be beneficial in treating certain medical emergencies and it is a preferred anticonvulsant in prophylaxis and treatment of preeclampsia and eclampsia (Frakes et al, 1997). Though mechanism behind its anticonvulsant action is not clear, evidences for it being mediated through antagonism of NMDA receptors are strongly supportive (Cotton et al, 1993 andHallak et al,1998). In the background of similarity in mechanism of action of zinc and magnesium as antidepressant through antagonism of NMDA receptors and evidences for anticonvulsant actions of magnesium being mediated through NMDA receptors blockade; present study was designed to test whether zinc has an additional anticonvulsant activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Anticonvulsant Activity of Zinc in Albino Rats

Sharanabasayyaswamy¹

2012

J. App. Pharm. Sci.

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Mechanism of action of both magnesium and zinc in mediating their antidepressant activities is supposed to be through NMDA receptor antagonism. In the background of similarity in mechanism of action of zinc and magnesium as antidepressant through antagonism of NMDA receptors and evidences for anticonvulsant actions of magnesium being mediated through NMDA receptors blockade; present study was designed to test whether zinc has an additional anticonvulsant activity. Thirty six albino rats of either sex were divided in to 6 groups with 6 animals in each group. Group-I received distilled water (1ml/kg body weight) was control group. Group-II receiving phenytoin sodium (20mg/kg body weight) was the standard group. Group-III, IV and V were test groups receiving zinc sulfate at doses of 30mg/kg, 150mg/kg and 300mg/kg respectively. Animals were screened for anticonvulsant activity by Maximum Electroshock (MES) method and for generalized CNS depressant effect by photo-actometer method. With regard to anticonvulsant activity there was no statistically significant differences between any of the zinc sulfate treated groups with control and standard drug phenytoin. There was no evidence for possible anticonvulsant activity of zinc after single dose treatment at three selected doses in presence of generalized CNS depressant effect.

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Central anticonvulsant effects of magnesium sulfate on N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced seizures

Cited by 100 publications

References 19 publications

Is Magnesium Sulphate more Effective than Placebo in Prevention of Seizure in Mild Preeclampsia? A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Is Magnesium Sulphate more Effective than Placebo in Prevention of Seizure in Mild Preeclampsia? A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Magnesium Sulphate Infusion Prevents Shivering During Spinal Anaesthesia: A Randomised Double Blinded Controlled Study

Evaluation of Anticonvulsant Activity of Zinc in Albino Rats

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