Central Amazonian Floodplain Forests: Tree Adaptations in a Pulsing System

Parolin, Pia; Simone, Oliviero De; Haase, Karen; Waldhoff, Danielle; Rottenberger, S.; Kühn, U.; Kesselmeier, J.; Kleiss, B.; Schmidt, Wolfgang; Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez; Junk, Wolfgang J.

doi:10.1663/0006-8101(2004)070[0357:caffta]2.0.co;2

Cited by 271 publications

(226 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…However, some species have adapted to live in these conditions (Junk et al, 2007), especially with regard to breathing, both for aquatic organisms such as fish, as well as terrestrial ones, such as trees (Parolin et al, 2004). This makes it difficult to predict the effect of a prolonged deficit and/or lack of oxygen on the flora and fauna of the floodplains.…”

Section: The Temperature Increase Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible impacts of climate change on wetlands and its biota in the Brazilian Amazon

Barros

Albernaz

2014

Braz. J. Biol.

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Wetlands cover approximately 6% of the Earth´s surface. They are frequently found at the interface between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and are strongly dependent on the water cycle. For this reason, wetlands are extremely vulnerable to the effects of climate change. Mangroves and floodplain ecosystems are some of the most important environments for the Amazonian population, as a source of proteins and income, and are thus the types of wetlands chosen for this review. Some of the main consequences that can be predicted from climate change for wetlands are modifications in hydrological regimes, which can cause intense droughts or inundations. A possible reduction in rainfall can cause a decrease of the areas of mangroves and floodplains, with a consequent decline in their species numbers. Conversely, an increase in rainfall would probably cause the substitution of plant species, which would not be able to survive under new conditions for a long period. An elevation in water temperature on the floodplains would cause an increase in frequency and duration of hypoxic or anoxic episodes, which might further lead to a reduction in growth rates or the reproductive success of many species. In mangroves, an increase in water temperature would influence the sea level, causing losses of these environments through coastal erosion processes. Therefore, climate change will likely cause the loss of, or reduction in, Amazonian wetlands and will challenge the adaptability of species, composition and distribution, which will probably have consequences for the human population that depend on them.Keywords: global warming, wetlands, mangrove, floodplains, Amazonia. Possíveis impactos das mudanças climáticas em áreas úmidase sua biota na Amazônia brasileira ResumoAs áreas úmidas cobrem aproximadamente 6% da superfície da terra e são frequentemente encontradas na interface entre ecossistemas terrestres e aquáticos e fortemente dependentes do ciclo da água. Por esta razão são extremamente vulneráveis aos efeitos das alterações do clima. Os ecossistemas de manguezais e várzeas são muito importantes para os seres humanos da Amazônia, porque são de onde eles extraem algumas das principais fontes de proteínas e renda, e, por isso, foram os dois tipos de áreas úmidas escolhidos para esse estudo. Entre as principais consequências das mudanças climáticas previstas para esses ambientes estão as alterações nos regimes hidrológicos, que podem causar grandes secas ou inundações. A possível redução das chuvas pode causar a diminuição das áreas de mangue e várzea, provocando um rápido declínio de suas espécies. Por outro lado, o aumento das chuvas teria como provável consequência a substituição de espécies de plantas, que não seriam capazes de sobreviver sob as novas condições por um longo período de tempo. As principais consequências do aumento da temperatura da água entre as áreas úmidas seria que nas várzeas este parâmetro aumentaria a frequência ou duração dos episódios hipóxicos e/ou anóxicos, podendo causar a redução da taxa de...

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Section: The Temperature Increase Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible impacts of climate change on wetlands and its biota in the Brazilian Amazon

Barros

Albernaz

2014

Braz. J. Biol.

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“…As categorias 3 e 4 estão relacionadas com a formação de aerênquima, o que prepara a planta para um período mais longo de alagamento. Parolin et al (2004) em uma revisão sobre espécies da Amazônia, aponta diversos trabalhos que envolvem essas respostas fisiológicas e alterações morfoanatômicas das raízes em resposta ao alagamento, indicando que esses genes localizados por Klok et al (2002) são encontrados também nas plantas tropicais.…”

Section: Sinalização Metabólica E Hormonal Durante O Alagamentounclassified

“…A temperatura média anual é de 26,6 °C, com pequenas flutuações, a média de chuva é de 2100 mm ano -1 (Ribeiro & Adis 1984) e a intensidade da luz pode atingir até 3000 µmol m -2 s -1 acima da superfície da água, ao meio dia (Furch et al 1985). Esses valores representam condições favoráveis para o crescimento de árvores, porém é nessa fase que o alagamento ocorre, o que implica numa necessidade de adaptação das plantas a essa mudança no ambiente (Joly 1991, Parolin et al 2004.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Respostas fisiológicas de plantas amazônicas de regiões alagadas às mudanças climáticas globais

Grandis¹,

Godoi²,

Buckeridge³

2010

Rev. bras. Bot.

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-(Physiological responses of Amazonian flooded plants to the global climate change). According to the last report of IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel of Climatic Change, 2007) an increase in atmospheric CO 2 concentration to ca. 0.072% is predicted to occur until the middle of this century. As a result, a tandem elevation of temperature of ca. +3 °C and a decrease in precipitation are to be expected. It has also been suggested that this scenario may lead to a gradual substitution of the tropical forest for savanna-like vegetation in Eastern parts of the Amazon. Within this perspective, a worth question is how the tree species that make up the Amazonian floodplains will respond to the global climatic change? Although predictions have been quite pessimistic, flooding of part of the Amazon will continue to occur for several years and it is important to understand its synergistic effects within the scenario of climate change. In this work, features related to plant metabolism and hormonal signaling during flooding is revised, and the possible effects that the climatic changes might have on plants from the Amazon are discussed. The information available in the literature suggests that under flooding, plants tend to mobilize storage compounds to supply carbon demand needed for maintenance metabolism under the effect of stress caused by the lack of oxygen. In contrast, under elevated CO 2 concentration, plants tend to increase photosynthesis and biomass. With an increase of about 3 °C these parameters may increase even more. Alternatively, with flooding, there is a general decrease in growth potential and it is possible that while favorable conditions of elevated CO 2 and temperature prevail, the positive effects may be counterbalanced by the negative effects of flooding. Thus, the physiological responses might be imperceptible or promote further growth up to the middle of the 21 st Century for most species that occur in the floodplains. However, if temperature and CO 2 levels surpass the threshold of optimal conditions for most plants, a decrease in physiological activity is to be expected.

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“…The macrophyte composition and abundance in floodplain lakes is largely determined by the water level regime (Junk 1970;Junk & Piedade 1993, 1997Neiff 1979Neiff , 1990aNeiff , 1990bNeiff , 1999Neiff et al 2001;Piedade & Junk 2000;Parolin et al 2004;Thomaz et al 2004). In addition, the macrophyte represents the habitat and trophic resources for herbivorous insects, the aquatic plant communities are the support for aquatic orthopteran assemblages, and their abundance and richness depends on the abundance and distribution of the vegetation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthoptera assemblages associated with macrophytes of floodplain lakes of the Paraná River

Capello¹,

Marchese²,

Wysiecki³

2013

Rev. Bras. entomol.

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ABSTRACT. Orthoptera assemblages associated with macrophytes of floodplain lakes of the Paraná River. The Orthoptera assemblage composition varies considerably, depending on habitat type. This study examines the spatiotemporal relationship between plant diversity, hydrometric level, environmental variables and the Orthoptera richness and abundance in floodplain lakes connected permanently or temporarily with the main channel of the Paraná River. The grasshoppers were collected fortnightly (April 2006-May 2007. A total of 17 species were recorded and classified according to their frequency of occurrence in constant (7), accessory (4), or accidental (6) species. In the two lakes, the greater species richness and abundance was recorded in summer, thereby coinciding with the highest water level of the Paraná River. The most significant correlation between the orthopteran richness and abundance was with the water level. The aquatic plant richness was significantly different between the lakes, but the vegetation was dominated by Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms. (Liliales, Pontederiaceae). The lake, which was connected permanently, presented the highest values of diversity and abundance, proving to be a more diverse assemblage. The beta diversity was higher in the temporary connected lake than in the permanently connected one. The orthopterans assemblages were different between the lakes, Cornops aquaticum and Tucayaca gracilis were the species that contributed more to the level of dissimilarity. C. aquaticum was more representative in the lake temporarily connected, while T. gracilis in the permanent connected one. The water level of the Paraná River and the connectivity of the floodplain lakes play an important role to explain the abundance and richness of their orthopteran assemblages.

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Central Amazonian Floodplain Forests: Tree Adaptations in a Pulsing System

Cited by 271 publications

References 84 publications

Possible impacts of climate change on wetlands and its biota in the Brazilian Amazon

Possible impacts of climate change on wetlands and its biota in the Brazilian Amazon

Respostas fisiológicas de plantas amazônicas de regiões alagadas às mudanças climáticas globais

Orthoptera assemblages associated with macrophytes of floodplain lakes of the Paraná River

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