Census of the mountain gorilla <i>Gorilla beringei beringei</i> population in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda

McNeilage, Alastair; Robbins, Martha M.; Gray, Maryke; Olupot, William; Babaasa, Dennis; Bitariho, Robert; Kasangaki, Aventino; Rainer, Helga; Asuma, Steven; Mugiri, Ghad; Baker, Julia

doi:10.1017/s0030605306001311

Cited by 61 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…From November 2009 through August 2010, I conducted guided reconnaissance surveys (McNeilage et al 2006;Kuhl et al 2008) in the region. With a team of local assistants, I searched for recent gorilla feeding signs and followed feeding trails to nightly nest sites.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subpopulation range estimation for conservation planning: a case study of the critically endangered Cross River gorilla

Sawyer

2012

Biodivers Conserv

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Measuring and characterizing the area utilized by a population or species is essential for assessment of conservation status and for effective allocation of habitat to ensure population persistence. Yet population-level range delineation is complicated by the variety of available techniques coupled with a lack of empirical methods to compare the relative value of these techniques. This study assesses the effect of model choice on resulting subpopulation range estimation for the critically endangered and patchily distributed Cross River gorilla, and evaluates the conservation conclusions that can be drawn from each model. Models considered range from basic traditional approaches (e.g. minimum convex polygon) to newer home range techniques such as local convex hull (LoCoH). Overlap analysis comparing sub-sampled to complete data sets are used to evaluate the robustness of various modeling techniques to data limitations. Likelihood cross validation criterion is employed to compare core range model performance. Results suggest that differing LoCoH models produce similar range estimates, are robust to data requirements, provide a good fit for core habitat estimation, and are best able to detect unused habitat within the subpopulation range. LoCoH methods may thus be useful for studies into habitat selection and factors limiting endangered species distributions. However, LoCoH models tend to over-fit data, and kernel methods may provide similar information about animal space use while supporting protection of larger swaths of critical habitat. Subpopulation range analyses for conservation/management planning should therefore explore multiple modeling techniques, and employ both qualitative and quantitative assessments to select the best models to inform decision making for species of conservation concern.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subpopulation range estimation for conservation planning: a case study of the critically endangered Cross River gorilla

Sawyer

2012

Biodivers Conserv

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Demography of the Virunga population (20) indicates that, unlike chimpanzees, mortality is not higher in males until the oldest ages. Sexes are not always distinguished in more recent gorilla censuses (21,22), so we await more data. For orangutans (23), relatively low male mortality is also indicated, but it is difficult to know which males to include among the competitors for mates.…”

Section: Life Tablesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Grandmothering life histories and human pair bonding

Coxworth

Kim

McQueen

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The evolution of distinctively human life history and social organization is generally attributed to paternal provisioning based on pair bonds. Here we develop an alternative argument that connects the evolution of human pair bonds to the male-biased mating sex ratios that accompanied the evolution of human life history. We simulate an agent-based model of the grandmother hypothesis, compare simulated sex ratios to data on great apes and human hunter-gatherers, and note associations between a preponderance of males and mate guarding across taxa. Then we explore a recent model that highlights the importance of mating sex ratios for differences between birds and mammals and conclude that lessons for human evolution cannot ignore mammalian reproductive constraints. In contradiction to our claim that male-biased sex ratios are characteristically human, female-biased ratios are reported in some populations. We consider the likelihood that fertile men are undercounted and conclude that the mate-guarding hypothesis for human pair bonds gains strength from explicit links with our grandmothering life history.grandmother hypothesis | human life history | human evolution | mate guarding | mating sex ratios W e call attention to evidence that connects the evolution of human pair bonds to the male-biased sex ratios in fertile ages that characterize human populations. As in mammals generally, age-specific mortality is higher in males than in females (e.g., refs. 1-3). However, this difference is overshadowed by a distinctive feature of human life history: Oldest ages at parturition are about the same in humans as in other living hominids, the great apes (4, 5), whereas longevity is substantially greater and male fertility continues to older ages (6). Exceptional longevity with a distinctive postmenopausal life stage (7-9) may have evolved in our lineage when grandmothers' subsidies for weaned dependents allowed mothers to have next babies sooner. According to this grandmother hypothesis (10-16), longevity increased as longer-lived grandmothers could help more and so left more longer-lived descendants of both sexes. Women's postfertile life stage (7) produces a bias in the sex ratio of fertile adults with repercussions for male strategies. As longevity increased, olderaged males expanded the pool of competitors for the still-fertile females. With more competitors for each paternity, males' average success in finding new mates inevitably declined until defending a current mate became the better option. Our distinctive life history thus supplies previously unrecognized support for a mate-guarding hypothesis for the evolution of human pair bonds.Here we simulate hominid mating sex ratios with an agent-based model of the evolution of human longevity via grandmothering (13, 15). We then compare simulated sex ratios to demographic data from both great apes and human hunter-gatherers. Having identified the human bias, we connect it to increased male payoffs for mate guarding, noting some broad patterns in humans, the tradeoffs observ...

show abstract

“…With the size of 32000 ha, Bwindi considered as one of the most important biodiversity areas and is listed as a biodiversity hotspot. It has a very rich flora and fauna and is the home of almost half of the Mountain gorilla population in the world (Namara 2006, McNeilage et al 2006. BINP has been managed as a protected area since 1932 (Blomley et al 2010 income from selling surplus crops (Baker et al 2012).…”

Section: -2 Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation and Development

Newsham¹,

Bhagwat²

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Census of the mountain gorilla Gorilla beringei beringei population in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda

Cited by 61 publications

References 25 publications

Subpopulation range estimation for conservation planning: a case study of the critically endangered Cross River gorilla

Subpopulation range estimation for conservation planning: a case study of the critically endangered Cross River gorilla

Grandmothering life histories and human pair bonding

Conservation and Development

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About