Cenozoic to Recent Volcanism In and Around the North Atlantic Basin

Noe-Nygaard, Arne

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-3033-2_11

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…The Jan Mayen mantle plume would have, at the onset of continental drifting, produced the V^ring Plateau basalts and possibly the East Greenland tholeiite plateau basalt located just north of Franz Joseph Fjord, 73°N (Noe-Nygaard, 1974). In this case, the structurally and magnetically ill-defined wide band bordering the East and West Jan Mayen Fracture Zone, branching from the V^ring Plateau to Jan Mayen and the Greenland plateau basalt north of 73°N (Figure 1), would be a topographic reflection of the Jan Mayen plume activity with time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare-Earth, Se, Cr, Fe, Co, and Na Abundances in DSDP Leg 38 Basement Basalts: Some Additional Evidence on the Evolution of the Thulean Volcanic Province

Schilling¹

1976

Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare-Earth, Se, Cr, Fe, Co, and Na Abundances in DSDP Leg 38 Basement Basalts: Some Additional Evidence on the Evolution of the Thulean Volcanic Province

Schilling¹

1976

Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project

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“…The NAVP includes the lower Tertiary igneous rocks of the North Atlantic borderlands that were emplaced prior to, or during, the breakup of Eurasia and Greenland (Noe-Nygaard, 1974;Upton, 1988). The province is a broad volcanic zone from Great Britain across the Faeroes and East Greenland to Baffin Bay, hence being a "transverse" feature with respect to the North Atlantic Ocean.…”

Section: North Atlantic Volcanic Provincementioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the Vøring Volcanic Margin

Eldholm¹,

Thiede²,

Taylor³

1989

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

136

107

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ODP Sites 642 and 643 recovered a succession of rocks which have greatly improved the understanding of how the Cenozoic volcanic Wring Margin evolved, particularly by providing important constraints on the series of events that occurred during the initial opening of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea. The more than 900 m of igneous rocks and interbedded sediments drilled at Site 642 constitute two distinct, strikingly different volcanic series. The upper series, composed of transitional mid-oceanic tholeiitic lava flows and thin interbedded volcaniclastic sediments confirmed the seaward-dipping reflectors to be a terrestrially constructed extrusive complex. The lower series, probably extending for several hundred meters below the bottom of the hole, consists of another flow complex of dacitic composition, some dikes and thicker interbedded sediments, partially continentally derived. We suggest that the margin evolved by crustal extension in the Paleocene accompanied by uplift and a progressively more intense invasion of dikes and sills in the rift zone. Just prior to breakup, magma from shallow crustal melts produced the lower series. The upper series was constructed during an intense, rapidly waning, volcanic surge of subaerial accretion of oceanic magma following breakup in middle of Chron 24.2R. The surge is characterized by a much increased rate of magma production and high spreading rate. The upper series cover both newly formed oceanic crust and large areas of the adjacent thinned continental crust. The dipping wedge was formed by subsidence due to loading and thermal contraction, possibly amplified by a tectonic force. When the surge had abated, the injection center quickly subsided and normal oceanic crust was formed. Our interpretation is that the continent/ocean boundary occurs at the seaward termination of reflector K, which separates the two volcanic series. However, a region of strongly intruded transitional crust is inferred in 30-to 50-km wide zones on either side of the Vdring Plateau Escarpment.The Wring Margin experienced crustal uplift and extension prior to breakup, restricted to a Tertiary marginal basin west of the present shelf edge. The initial volcanic surge and shallow extrusion level are related to a higher than normal temperature at the base of the lithosphere, inducing partial melting combined with opening in previously thinned crust. The commonly described non-extensional nature of this margin is only an apparent phenomenon. Except for the outer basin, extension by dike injection coupled with high strength of the thin, pre-opening crust in the Vdring Basin precluded the formation of a faulted rift unconformity. We believe these observations have relevance for volcanic margins elsewhere, but infer that seaward-dipping reflectors can form in many environments.The Wring Plateau marginal high and other similar features in the North Atlantic are an integrated part of the North Atlantic Volcanic Province, which extends 2000 km longitudinally. Compared to the central, transverse, part of ...

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“…General reviews of the Tertiary of E Greenland have been given by Noe-Nygaard (1974, 1976, and Brooks & Nielsen (1982a, b). This review focusses on the distribution of the major types of alkaline magmatism and their possible relationship with each other, with the tholeiitic magmatism and with the tectonic development in the E Greenland area in Lower Tertiary time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tertiary alkaline magmatism in East Greenland: a review

Nielsen¹

1987

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Summary The Tertiary alkaline magmatism in E Greenland is the result of the processes related to the continental break-up of the N Atlantic in the Lower Tertiary. The alkaline rocks are divided into three groups: A, inland alkaline lavas, dykes and intrusive complexes of nephelinitic parentage; B, mildly-alkaline to nephelinitic mafic lavas and dykes mostly in areas that previously experienced tholeiitic magmatism; C, salic subalkaline to alkaline dykes and intrusive complexes related to group B. All three groups are exposed over about 1000 km along the E coast of Greenland, and close to 100 intrusions have been identified, excluding the very intense dyke-swarms. The rocks of nephelinitic parentage occur inland about 100 km W of the coastal zone of most intense magmatism and are believed to constitute an alkaline ‘flank’ activity to the tholeiitic magmatism of the spreading ridge. Early tholeiites and the nephelinites are thought to be derived from the same mantle source. Both group B and group C rocks occur along the coast and along what has been called the ‘initial magmatic lineament’, which in some areas evolved to a spreading zone of intense tholeiitic magmatism. The group B rocks may have been generated in the tholeiite feeder system after the end of the tholeiitic magmatism by processes in replenished magma chambers. Interaction between the magmas in the feeder system and the Archaean crust generated the subalkaline to alkaline salic liquids of group C. The occurrences of the alkaline rocks and their relationships with one another, with the preceding tholeiitic magmatism and with the process of continental break-up are described, and petrogenetic models are presented.

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Cenozoic to Recent Volcanism In and Around the North Atlantic Basin

Cited by 30 publications

References 116 publications

Rare-Earth, Se, Cr, Fe, Co, and Na Abundances in DSDP Leg 38 Basement Basalts: Some Additional Evidence on the Evolution of the Thulean Volcanic Province

Rare-Earth, Se, Cr, Fe, Co, and Na Abundances in DSDP Leg 38 Basement Basalts: Some Additional Evidence on the Evolution of the Thulean Volcanic Province

Evolution of the Vøring Volcanic Margin

Tertiary alkaline magmatism in East Greenland: a review

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