Cenozoic exhumation of the southern British Isles

Hillis, Richard R.; Holford, Simon; Green, Paul F.; Doré, A. G.; Gatliff, Robert; Stoker, Martyn S.; Thomson, Katie; Turner, Jonathan P.; Underhill, John R.; Williams, Geoffrey Lee

doi:10.1130/g24699a.1

Cited by 96 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…However, regional uplift occurred arising from underplating of the continent associated with the rise of the Iceland mantle plume combined with north-westward-directed compressional stresses (e.g. Brodie & White, 1994;Ziegler & Dèzes, 2007;Hillis et al, 2008). This late Early Paleocene uplift (the 'Laramide' Phase) was followed by a second period of regional uplift in the latest Paleocene, shortly before the continental suture formed between Greenland and Scotland.…”

Section: Paleocenementioning

confidence: 99%

Filling the North Sea Basin: Cenozoic sediment sources and river styles

Gibbard¹,

Lewin²

2016

Geol. Belg.

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ABSTRACT. The history of the infilling of the North Sea is outlined, with particular focus on sediment sources and river inputs. In simple terms (for the detail is complex), these sources changed from domination by northwesterly sources from the Shetland area (Paleocene to Eocene), to a geographically more uniform basin-centred pattern, and then northerly input following Fennoscandian uplift (Oligocene and Neogene). Baltic inputs followed via an 'Eridanos (Baltic) River' (Miocene), with cold-climate coarser sediment inputs, and lacustrine episodes resulting from ice damming (Pleistocene). River styles in each of these phases are discussed, with the Cenozoic at first being dominated by low energy fluvial deposition (channel sands, chemically weathered clays, and organic sedimentation) in fluctuating climates. Cold climates in the latest Neogene and Quaternary are seen as major determinant of a change in fluvial style, though these are also associated with tectonic effects, as in Scandinavia. The mediating role of vegetation, relating also to temperature and precipitation, is also likely to have been significant. Narrow valley incision followed the Middle Pleistocene Transition, as well as an increasing importance of Rhine-Meuse sources that had begun earlier.

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Section: Paleocenementioning

confidence: 99%

Filling the North Sea Basin: Cenozoic sediment sources and river styles

Gibbard¹,

Lewin²

2016

Geol. Belg.

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“…Illies and Greiner (1978) postulate that the orientations are approximately perpendicular to the isobases of Holocene uplift in the Rhine Graben. Stresses generated by the Alpine orogen are hypothesised to have been transmitted over 1500 km from the Alps, resulting in uplift and inversion in numerous areas such as the UK and southern North Sea (Cloetingh, 1986;Ziegler, 1990;Hillis et al, 2008). Furthermore, recent compilations of orientations reveal that the stress pattern in Western Europe is less homogeneous than previously assumed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Present-day stress orientation in the Molasse Basin

et al. 2010

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“…In the Paris Basin, two major periods of deformation occurred during the Maastrichtian and Selandian, with complete emersion of the basin and a sharp decrease in subsidence . Likewise, the British Isles basins were deformed (inversion) and exhumed (Holford et al, 2005;Hillis et al, 2008) during the early Cretaceous (St-Georges Channel and East Irish Sea Basins) and early Cenozoic (Wessex-Weald Basin, East Irish Sea). The cause of this deformation remains debated, being either due to uplift as a result of the relative movements between Africa, Iberia and Eurasia (Hillis et al, 2008), or to the Paleocene-Eocene Icelandic plume (Davis et al, 2012).…”

Section: Patterns Of Landscape Exhumation In Response To Crustal Defomentioning

confidence: 98%

Planation surfaces of the Armorican Massif (western France):Denudation chronology of a Mesozoic land surface twice exhumed in response to relative crustal movements between Iberia and Eurasia

et al. 2015

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The Armorican Massif, an extensive outcrop of Variscan basement in western France, is shaped by several planation surfaces of debated origin and age. We propose an evolution model for these landforms and their deformation based on detailed mapping of the planation surfaces, their relative chronology and their relationships with dated outcrops of sediments and weathering products. The Armorican landscape consists of six stepped planation surfaces (labeled PS1 to PS6) later incised by two successive river networks. These landforms are pediments and pediplains or polygenic landforms (Armorican Planation Surface -PS5) resulting from two periods of etchplanation. These planation surfaces are mostly pre-late Cretaceous in age, based on the age of the sediments overlapping these pediments. The three older ones (PS1 to PS3) are pre-Pliensbachian (191-183 Ma); PS4 is preBajocian (170-168 Ma), PS5 (here called the "Armorican Planation Surface") is polygenic and ranges from the base of the early Cretaceous to the base of the Bartonian (140-40 Ma); and the youngest (PS6), which is poorly constrained, is older than 40 Ma (base of the Bartonian) or 15 Ma (base of the middle Miocene). Most of these "old" landforms are exhumed, i.e. they were buried by sediments and later re-exposed by denudation. At least two phases of burial and exhumation have been identified: (1) burial in Jurassic time followed by denudation during the early Cretaceous and (2) burial in late Cretaceous time followed by denudation during the latest Cretaceous to early Eocene. The depth of burial is unknown but is probably low due to the small amount of coeval siliciclastic sediments in the surrounding basins. The two periods of exhumation correspond to critical periods in the plate movements between Africa, Iberia and Eurasia. The first is probably related to the initiation and break-up of the rift between Iberia and Eurasia and the second to the convergence between these two plates.

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Cenozoic exhumation of the southern British Isles

Cited by 96 publications

References 2 publications

Filling the North Sea Basin: Cenozoic sediment sources and river styles

Filling the North Sea Basin: Cenozoic sediment sources and river styles

Present-day stress orientation in the Molasse Basin

Planation surfaces of the Armorican Massif (western France):Denudation chronology of a Mesozoic land surface twice exhumed in response to relative crustal movements between Iberia and Eurasia

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