Cementite-type carbide in the surface layer of cold-rolling rolls

Brusilovskii, B. A.; Shashko, A. Ya.

doi:10.1007/bf00712422

Cited by 5 publications

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“…Recently a new group of alloys have been developed with substantially lower chromium content that have excellent mechanical properties [3]. Carburization of the metal surface results in the formation of metal carbides, causing a dramatic increase in surface hardness [4].…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between Lubricants Containing Phosphate Ester Additives and Stainless Steels

2013

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One way to improve fuel efficiency in today’s jet aircraft engines is to create an environment for higher operating temperatures and speeds. New and improved lubricants and bearing materials must be developed to remain stable in these elevated operating temperatures. Three lubricants, with varying amounts of tricresyl phosphate added as an anti-wear/extreme pressure additive were tested on two different stainless steels at varying temperatures ranging from 300 °C to 350 °C in vacuum. Significant decomposition of the lubricant base-stocks and the phosphate ester additive did occur in most of the trials resulting in the formation of carboxylic acids and phenols. In these cases a film containing phosphorus was deposited onto the stainless steel substrate

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Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between Lubricants Containing Phosphate Ester Additives and Stainless Steels

2013

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“…The hardness of these materials arises in part form the use of carburizing and heat treating of alloys with high levels of alloying elements. A significant aspect of the hardening process is the formation of metal carbides of the correct sizes on the surface [1]. The increase in hardness has been attributed to a combination of grain size and a well-defined balance of Cr, W, Mo, V, and Co, all of which are known to form carbides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Polyol Esters and Phosphate Esters with Metal Carbides

2011

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The need for higher performance in jet turbine engines has led to the development of alloys with greater hardness for use in bearings. The increased hardness is a result of carburizing of the surface which leads to a change in the surface chemistry through the formation of metal carbides. The authors have found that metal carbides react differently with the lubricants and additives than the oxides found on the surface of currently used alloys. Of particular concern is the observed reaction of the ester basestock with metal carbides in the presence of phosphate esters. The authors have found that metal carbides can catalyze the decomposition of hindered esters in the presence of aryl phosphates to give the component acids. Products of the reaction include free acids, phenyl esters, and dehydrogenated esters. This reaction is expected to rapidly degrade the performance of the oil due to both acid formation and viscosity breakdown. Examination of the remaining solid material indicates that phosphorus has been incorporated into the structure, presumable as phosphate.

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“…By the data of [6] the hardened surface of the rolls can contain up to 2% cementite phase. The total fraction of carbide phases amounts to 3%.…”

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confidence: 99%

Special features of the variation of structure and hardness of large-size quenched rolls from steel 9Kh2MF

Brusilovskii

1998

Met Sci Heat Treat

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Nonequilibrium phases in the quenched surface layer of cold-rolled rolls decompose in tempering [I] providing the requisite hardness which is the most important parameter of the quality of these parts [2]. The temperature range and the kinetic parameters of the process of the decomposition of the phases are known. However, these characteristics depend considerably on the residual stresses which appear in heat treatment of specimens and parts. A study of a miniature laboratory specimen cannot allow for the effect of this factor on the decomposition of martensite and retained austenite in tempering. It is difficult to simulate the processes which occur in rapid induction heating of large parts for quenching. It has become possible to study the variation of the structure directly in the parts in the process of their heat treatment due to the advancement of the equipment and methods of x-ray diffraction analysis [3,4].

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Cementite-type carbide in the surface layer of cold-rolling rolls

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Interaction between Lubricants Containing Phosphate Ester Additives and Stainless Steels

Interaction between Lubricants Containing Phosphate Ester Additives and Stainless Steels

Interaction of Polyol Esters and Phosphate Esters with Metal Carbides

Special features of the variation of structure and hardness of large-size quenched rolls from steel 9Kh2MF

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