Cement manufacturing using alternative fuels: Enhanced productivity and environmental compliance via oxygen enrichment

Tsiliyannis, Christos Aristeides

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2016.07.082

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…En la etapa 2, las materias primas preparadas pasan a un horno rotario, en donde se presenta la descomposición térmica de la caliza o calcinación (CaCO3 + calor = CO2 + CaO), con ayuda de un combustible fósil, comúnmente carbón [5], [26], se suministra al proceso la energía necesaria para alcanzar las altas temperaturas, mayores a los 1450 o C [14], para llevar a cabo el proceso de producción de clinker. Finalmente, el material obtenido en la etapa anterior es enfriado a una temperatura cercana a los 90 o C [27] y mezclado con coadyuvantes, por ejemplo, el yeso, para dar como producto final el cemento.…”

Section: Proceso De Producción De Cementounclassified

“…Los combustibles alternativos utilizados en la fabricación de cemento incluyen principalmente: llantas usadas, líquidos combustibles secundarios (tintas recicladas, solventes industriales, aceites minerales y vegetales usados), biomasas residuales, entre otros [14], [48], [51], [54]. También, se incluyen los residuos industriales y domésticos utilizados como combustibles alternativos (CA); pueden clasificarse en dos grupos: CA líquidos, como aceites usados, disolventes, grasa animal y lodos de depuradora; y los CA sólidos, incluido el coque de petróleo, neumáticos viejos, harinas de animales y huesos, lodos de depuradora seca, madera de desecho y desechos de otras industrias como pulpa, papel, cartón, plásticos, envases y textiles [55].…”

Section: Combustibles Alternativosunclassified

“…Por estas razones, que se deben implementar acciones que vayan en pro de la eficiencia energética, el uso racional y adecuado de los recursos y materias primas y la disminución de las emisiones de GEI en esta industria [2], [5], [13] y otros contaminantes tales como los NOx, material particulado y dioxinas [9], [14].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Revisión de las medidas en pro de la eficiencia energética y la sostenibilidad de la industria del cemento a nivel mundial

Aristizábal-Alzate

González-Manosalva

2021

Rev. UIS ing.

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El presente artículo contempla una revisión bibliográfica de las medidas que pueden llevarse a cabo dentro de la industria de producción de cemento, para hacer un consumo racional y eficiente de los recursos energéticos demandados, y, al mismo tiempo, mejorar los indicadores de sostenibilidad, gracias a la disminución en la emisión de contaminantes y GEI. La revisión inicia con la caracterización de esta industria a nivel mundial, consumos específicos, procesos, equipos y materias primas, para establecer en cuáles etapas del proceso existen oportunidades de mejora en el consumo energético. Posterior a esto, se describen las medidas en eficiencia energética de los equipos macroconsumidores de energía, como lo es el horno de producción de clinker. Por último, se muestran posibles sustitutos a los combustibles fósiles convencionalmente usados y tecnologías que aprovechan las energías renovables, con el fin de buscar una industria eficiente y sostenible.

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Section: Proceso De Producción De Cementounclassified

Section: Combustibles Alternativosunclassified

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Revisión de las medidas en pro de la eficiencia energética y la sostenibilidad de la industria del cemento a nivel mundial

Aristizábal-Alzate

González-Manosalva

2021

Rev. UIS ing.

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“…This is mainly related to the biomass components in MSW, such as paper, wood and food waste. However, various factors limit the use of large quantities of MSW in cement production, including uncertainty in supply, lower heating value, high inert content, as well as large water and halogen content causing equipment corrosion (Tsiliyannis 2016). Moreover, the emissions of pollutants, including dioxins and metals (e.g.…”

Section: Alternative Calcination Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the environmental sustainability of an emerging energy technology: Solar thermal calcination for cement production

Tomatis

Jeswani

Stamford

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

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Cement production is a highly energy-intensive process, contributing 7% to global CO 2 emissions. Over 80% of the energy used in cement production is consumed by the calcination process. This paper considers a novel solar thermal technology for calcination, to investigate if it could help mitigate the climate change and other environmental impacts from cement production on a life cycle basis. The following three solar options are compared to conventional fossil-fuel calcination via life cycle assessment: a full solar system, which provides all the required thermal energy, and two hybrid systems, where the solar system provides 14% and 33% of the thermal energy, respectively. The results show that all three solar options have lower impacts than conventional calcination in 14 out of 17 categories. The full solar system is the best alternative, with major reductions in climate change (48%), fossil depletion (75%), photochemical ozone formation (92%) and terrestrial ecotoxicity (79%). Based on insolation levels in different parts of the world, the solar systems could be applied to 26% of current global cement production. This would reduce the climate change impact by 15-40%, as well as most other impacts by 14-87%, depending on the fuel mix. However, a limiting factor might be two times greater land occupation than by the conventional process. Furthermore, the solar system has higher human toxicity-cancer (102%) and metals and minerals depletion (6%) due to the construction of solar facilities. Coupling conventional calcination with carbon capture and storage (CCS) is more efficient in reducing the climate change impact (63%) than the solar system (48%) relative to conventional calcination without CCS. However, adding CCS to the solar calciner would still be a better option, decreasing the impact by 81% relative to conventional calcination without CCS. These findings will be of interest to the solar and cement industries as well as other industrial sectors using hightemperature processes.

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“…Although the use of wastes as alternative fuels in cement plants is currently a widespread practice, [7][8][9] it still generates concern regarding the possible health effects caused by emissions, in particular when populated areas are located nearby. In addition to CO 2 and nitrogen oxides (NO x ), which are the major pollutants emitted by cement plants, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and metals are among the most hazardous pollutants that are also potentially released.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental trends of metals and PCDD/Fs around a cement plant after alternative fuel implementation: human health risk assessment

Mari

Rovira

Sánchez-Soberón

et al. 2017

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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This study aimed at evaluating the potential impact of a cement plant after 4 years of the employment of alternative fuel. In June 2015, concentrations of PCDD/Fs and metals were determined in soils, vegetation and air in order to measure potential changes with respect to previous surveys before (July 2011) and after (June 2013) the employment of alternative fuel. Risks to human health were also assessed. In soils, metal levels were similar to those observed in June 2013 (p > 0.05). In comparison with July 2011, the increment was only statistically significant for As and Cd (p < 0.05). A notable increase in levels of PCDD/Fs was noted when current levels in soils (1.14 ng WHO-TEQ per kg) were compared with those observed in July 2011 (0.37 ng WHO-TEQ per kg) (p > 0.05) and June 2013 (0.41 ng WHO-TEQ per kg) (p < 0.05). This increase was mainly caused by the increase in PCDD/F levels at one sampling site, which showed the heterogeneity of PCDD/F levels in soils, possibly as a result of different point emissions over the years. On the other hand, temporal trends in levels of metals and PCDD/Fs in vegetation showed a clear decrease, which indicated that the particle fraction of these pollutants would potentially be removed from leaf surfaces by wash-off. In air, levels were similar to those found in previous surveys. The results of PCA showed that the change in fuel had not affected the environmental profiles of metals and PCDD/Fs around the cement plant. The exposure of the population living in the surroundings of the plant was measured and it was shown that diet was the major contributor for both metals and PCDD/Fs, with percentages of over 97%, the only exceptions being As and Pb, for which dietary intake accounted for 43% and 71% of the total exposure, respectively. Environmental non-cancer and cancer risks were within the limits considered as acceptable by international standards.

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Cement manufacturing using alternative fuels: Enhanced productivity and environmental compliance via oxygen enrichment

Cited by 15 publications

References 16 publications

Revisión de las medidas en pro de la eficiencia energética y la sostenibilidad de la industria del cemento a nivel mundial

Revisión de las medidas en pro de la eficiencia energética y la sostenibilidad de la industria del cemento a nivel mundial

Assessing the environmental sustainability of an emerging energy technology: Solar thermal calcination for cement production

Environmental trends of metals and PCDD/Fs around a cement plant after alternative fuel implementation: human health risk assessment

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