Cellulose Nanoparticles:systematic Review

Abstract

The demand of the population requires the reduction of products that affect the environment, which is why the transition to ecological materials is sought, through Nanotechnology. Nanocellulose is a nanostructural material obtained from plant cellulose. Nanocellulose synthesis means breaking down cellulose into individual fibers at the nanometer scale, resulting in unique mechanical and chemical characteristics. The synthesis of nanocellulose can be carried out basically by hydrolysis processes. This method allows cellulose fibers to be separated into much smaller particles known as cellulose nanofibers (CNF), nanocrystals (CNC) or bacterial nanocellulose (BNC). On the other hand, it is shown that the mechanical characteristics of nanocellulose have high mechanical resistance and are stronger than many conventional materials, such as steel. This chemical versatility allows nanocellulose to tailor its characteristics to specific applications. The evaluation of the characteristics of nanocells is carried out using technologies such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction. Through this systematic review, the following were analyzed: synthesis, properties, morphology, characterization methods and the applications that can be given to this new size of materials.