Cellulose-decomposing fungi of salt marshes in Egypt

Abstract

Seventy-five species and three varieties which belong to thirty-four genera were identified from 74 soil samples collected from salt marshes in Egypt. The most frequent fungi were Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium herbarum and Alternatia alternata, followed by Aspergillus terreus, Curvularia spicifera and Penicillium notatum. Six genera were of moderate occurrence: Penicillium, Fusarium, Curvularia, Rhizopus, Stachybotrys, and Chaetomium. Five genera were of low occurrence: Paecilomyces, Cephalosporium, Epicoccum, Mucor and Myrothecium.

Bioconversion of Straw into Improved Fodder: Fungal Flora Decomposing Rice Straw

“…3 and 5 which are sandy, alkaline (7.8 and 7.7 pH), with low organic matter content (0.25 and 0.41%), high in total soluble salts (2.20 and 1.67%) and cultivated with Citrus and Mangifera . Abdel-Hafez (1978) and Helal (1993) found that the total population of fungi was influenced by the content of the total soluble salts of the soil. The highest fungal population was recorded from sample no.…”

“…Fungi are the most important group among microbial agents for straw decomposition (Hudson, 1972; Srinivason, 1979; Harper and Lynch, 1982a; Yananobe et al, 1994; Morais et al, 1999; Tengerdy and Szakacs, 2003). There have been many surveys of cellulose-decomposing fungi but most fungi were isolated directly from soil or other sources on pure cellulose (Abdel-Hafez et al, 1978; Abdel-Hafez and Abdel-Kader, 1980; Mazen et al, 1980; Abdel-Hafez, 1982; Abdel-Kader et al, 1983; Moubasher et al, 1985). Surveys on wheat straw and other cultural wastes were conducted by other workers (El-Nawawy, 1972; El-Kady et al, 1981; Abdel-Hafez et al, 1990).…”

The genus Eurotium– members of indigenous fungal community in hypersaline waters of salterns

“…The genus Eurotium is also an important mycotoxin-producer [6]. have been occasionally isolated from moderately saline soils and waters [18][19][20] and recently E. amstelodami, E. herbariorum and E. rubrum were isolated from the Dead Sea [16]. So far it has been reported that different Eurotium spp.…”

A possible effect of cellulose-decomposition on soil bacterial flora.

“…Other studies on the decomposition of cellulose in soil have been carried out mainly from the viewpoint of soil biochemistry (4,(7)(8)(9). Although some research has been reported on the quantitative microbial changes in soil after the addition of cellulose (7,(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15), studies on the successive qualitative microbial changes, especially that of bacteria, are very scarce (16 The main reason this kind of work is scarce seems to be that, generally speaking, many chemical or biological reactions in soil proceed with complexity due to the heterogeneity of both the solid structures and the chemical composition of the soil. Especially in the reaction of insoluble materials, the complexity may be further increased by the heterogeneous distribution of the materials.…”