Cellulose Conversion to Isosorbide in Molten Salt hydrate Media

Almeida, Rafael Menegassi de; Lǐ, Jiànróng; Nederlof, Christian; O’Connor, Paul; Makkee, Michiel; Moulijn, Jacob A.

doi:10.1002/cssc.200900260

Cited by 129 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…[3] With carbon-supported ruthenium as a catalyst for the hydrogenation reaction under a hydrogen atmosphere and temperatures below 100 8C, cellulose was converted to sorbitol in good yields. Additional metal salts, such as CuCl 2 and NiCl 2 , and slightly higher temperatures resulted in the direct formation of isosorbide.…”

Section: Isosorbide Production From Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isosorbide as a Renewable Platform chemical for Versatile Applications—Quo Vadis?

2011

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Isosorbide is a platform chemical of considerable importance for the future replacement of fossil resource-based products. Applications as monomers and building blocks for new polymers and functional materials, new organic solvents, for medical and pharmaceutical applications, and even as fuels or fuel additives are conceivable. The conversion of isosorbide to valuable derivatives by functionalization or substitution of the hydroxyl groups is difficult because of the different configurations of the 2- and 5-positions and the resulting different reactivity and steric hindrance of the two hydroxyl groups. Although a substantial amount of work has been published using exclusively the endo or exo derivatives isomannide and isoidide, respectively, as starting material, a considerable effort is still necessary to transfer and adapt these methods for the efficient conversion of isosorbide. This Minireview deals with all aspects of isosorbide chemistry, which includes its production by catalytic processes, special properties, and chemical transformations for its utilization in biogenic polymers and other applications of interest.

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Section: Isosorbide Production From Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For these reactions, various catalyst systems have been proposed for either step-by-step conversion or a one-pot reaction from cellulose to isosorbide, which exhibits a high efficiency. [3] However, most of these processes rely on mineral acids as catalysts and more environmentally benign methods are desirable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isosorbide as a Renewable Platform chemical for Versatile Applications—Quo Vadis?

2011

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“…3 Very recently, the feasibility of converting cellulose into isosorbide in a ZnCl 2 molten hydrate medium was investigated. 4 In this work, we show for the first time that concentrated cellulose in the aqueous phase can be converted directly to isosorbide, a compound that is rarely obtained from cellulose. Therefore, this work is a new potential application of biomass to produce important chemicals.…”

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confidence: 98%

Selective conversion of concentrated microcrystalline cellulose to isosorbide over Ru/C catalyst

Liang

et al. 2011

Green Chem.

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“…[5] In industry,s orbitol is produced from the hydrogenation of glucose, [53] one of the main products of cellulose hydrolysis.T he downstream products of sorbitol after aqueousphase reforming include alkanes, methanol, and hydrogen. [54] As included in Figure 19, depending on whether the terminal or secondary alcohol group is oxidized, sorbitolc an be potentially transformed to fructose, sorbose, glucose, or gulose. [54] As included in Figure 19, depending on whether the terminal or secondary alcohol group is oxidized, sorbitolc an be potentially transformed to fructose, sorbose, glucose, or gulose.…”

Section: Oxidation Of Sorbitolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocatalytic Upgrading of Biomass‐Derived Intermediate Compounds to Value‐Added Products

Sun

2018

Chemistry A European J

156

104

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The continuous advance in exploring renewable energy resources such as solar and wind will certainly alleviate our reliance on limited fossil reserves. However, the sustainable development of mankind demands not only energy but also carbon-based chemical goods. Unfortunately, exploitation of renewable energy resources like solar and wind will not lead to any carbon-based chemicals. The only sustainable and green carbon source is biomass, the scale of annual production of which has an immense potential to complement that of fossil-derived carbons. To utilize biomass in economically effective ways, many catalytic processes have been investigated. Among various strategies of biomass refinery, electrocatalytic upgrading stands out as an attractive option because of its benign operation conditions, high energy efficiency, and convenient control on production rate and selectivity using electrochemical parameters. This Minireview showcases several electrocatalytic systems for both reductive and oxidative upgrading of representative biomass-derived intermediate compounds, including 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, furfural, levulinic acid, glycerol, and sorbitol to different value-added products. The catalytic routes and mechanisms of each biomass-derived platform compound are discussed and compared. In order to be feasible for large-scale applications, low-cost composition and preparation of electrocatalysts are mandatory and will be emphasized. Finally, our personal perspective on the current challenges and future directions of electrocatalytic biomass upgrading is presented.

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Cellulose Conversion to Isosorbide in Molten Salt hydrate Media

Cited by 129 publications

References 33 publications

Isosorbide as a Renewable Platform chemical for Versatile Applications—Quo Vadis?

Isosorbide as a Renewable Platform chemical for Versatile Applications—Quo Vadis?

Selective conversion of concentrated microcrystalline cellulose to isosorbide over Ru/C catalyst

Electrocatalytic Upgrading of Biomass‐Derived Intermediate Compounds to Value‐Added Products

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