Cellulose-Based Upcycling of Brewer´s Spent
         Grains: Extraction and Acetylation

Camacho-Núñez, Leticia; Jurado-Contreras, Sofía; La Rubia, M. Dolores; Navas-Martos, Francisco Javier; Rodríguez-Liébana, José Antonio

doi:10.1007/s10924-023-03137-w

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…After bleaching, the broad bands observed for CS and SFS converted into sharp peaks, with T max values of 347 °C for CS-BL and 344 °C for SFS-BL, due to cellulose enrichment. This lower T max value of the bleached fibers with respect to the untreated ones contradicts previous findings, since bleaching normally induces higher thermal stability [ 32 , 33 , 43 , 44 ]. Nevertheless, it is worthy to note that, at the T max , a higher amount of material was decomposed for original fibers (58% for CS and 63% for SFS) than for bleached pulps (52% and 58% for CS-BL and SFS-BL, respectively).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 69%

“…Yield WHOLE , calculated as in Equation ( 4), were 20.1% and 32.0% for CS and SFS wastes, respectively, with the major contribution of acid pre-treatment, especially for CS, followed by alkaline hydrolysis (yields 75.5% for CS-BH and 70.2% for SFS-BH) and bleaching, which reached yields of about 90% for both CS-BL and SFS-BL fibers. Similar results were found for the extraction of cellulose from other widespread lignocellulosic wastes such as sugarcane straw [41], brewer's spent grains [33], or olive tree pruning [34].…”

Section: Monitoring Of Cellulose Isolation Characterization Of the Fi...supporting

confidence: 77%

“…Since the chemical treatment led to changes in CS and SFS fibers at the macroscopic level, structural and morphological alterations at the microscopic level in the fibers were also expected. SEM images of the original wastes reflected that both CS and SFS fibers presented a stable structure with a smooth surface typical of lignocellulosic materials ( Figure 3 top) [ 32 , 33 , 42 , 43 ]. With the progress of the chemical treatment, the lignocellulosic structure was disrupted, and the fiber bundles were disaggregated into loose and almost individualized cellulose fibers ( Figure 3 bottom).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extraction of cellulose from CS and SFS fibers was conducted by a chemical procedure based on our previous works with other lignocellulosic residues [ 32 , 33 , 34 ] consisting of an acid pre-treatment (AH), followed by alkaline hydrolysis (BH) and a bleaching reaction (BL). As described below, the experimental conditions for the acid pre-treatment were optimized to maximize the removal of non-cellulosic compounds [ 32 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Cellulosic Pulps Isolated from Two Widespread Agricultural Wastes: Cotton and Sunflower Stalks

La Rubia,

Jurado-Contreras,

Navas-Martos

et al. 2024

Polymers

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Globally, huge amounts of cotton and sunflower stalks are generated annually. These wastes are being underutilized since they are mostly burned in the fields. So, in this work, we proposed a three-step method consisting of acid pre-treatment, alkaline hydrolysis, and bleaching for the extraction of cellulose pulps. These pulps were characterized to assess their morpho-structural and thermal properties. The design of experiments and response surface methodology were used for the optimization of the acid pre-treatment in order to achieve maximum removal of non-cellulosic compounds and obtain pulps enriched in cellulose. For cotton stalks, optimal conditions were identified as a reaction time of 190 min, a reaction temperature of 96.2 °C, and an acid (nitric acid) concentration of 6.3%. For sunflower stalks, the optimized time, temperature, and acid concentration were 130 min, 73.8 °C, and 8.7%, respectively. The pulps obtained after bleaching contained more than 90% cellulose. However, special care must be taken during the process, especially in the acid pre-treatment, as it causes the solubilization of a great amount of material. The characterization revealed that the extraction process led to cellulose pulps with around 69–70% crystallinity and thermal stability in the range of 340–350 °C, ready to be used for their conversion into derivatives for industrial applications.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 69%

Section: Monitoring Of Cellulose Isolation Characterization Of the Fi...supporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Characterization of Cellulosic Pulps Isolated from Two Widespread Agricultural Wastes: Cotton and Sunflower Stalks

La Rubia,

Jurado-Contreras,

Navas-Martos

et al. 2024

Polymers

Self Cite

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show abstract

Extraction and preparation of cellulose nanocrystal from Brewer's spent grain and application in pickering emulsions

Zheng,

Wang,

Huang

et al. 2024

Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre

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Phenolic and Cellulose-Rich Fractions from Subcritical Water Treated Beer Bagasse

Gomez-Contreras,

Obando,

Freitas

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Of the three types of waste generated in beer processing, beer grain spent (BGS) or beer bagasse is the most abundant and has a high potential for valorisation. In this work, defatted BGS was subjected to an extraction process with subcritical water (SWE) at different temperatures (110, 130, 150 and 170° C) to obtain extracts rich in phenols and the cellulosic fractions. Furthermore, the obtained cellulose fractions were also purified by means of a greener methodology using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The results showed that the extraction conditions affected the composition and properties of the fractions. The dry extracts obtained at 170°C were richer in phenolics (24 mg GAE. g− 1 defatted beer bagasse (DB), but with lower antioxidant capacity (71 mg DB.mg− 1 DPPH). This extract (E-170) also showed the highest antibacterial potential (lower MIC values) against L. innocua (80 mg·mL− 1) and E. coli (140 mg·mL− 1) than those obtained at lower temperatures. The purification of cellulose from the SWE residues, using hydrogen peroxide revealed that DB is not a good source of cellulose material since the bleached fractions showed low yields (20–25%) and low cellulose purity (42–67%), even after four bleaching cycles (1 h) at pH 12 and 8% H2O2. Despite this, the subcritical water extraction method highlights the potential of a simple processes as technological option to convert underutilized side streams like beer bagasse into added-value, potential ingredients for innovative food and pharmaceutical applications.

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Cellulose-Based Upcycling of Brewer´s Spent Grains: Extraction and Acetylation

Cited by 3 publications

References 58 publications

Characterization of Cellulosic Pulps Isolated from Two Widespread Agricultural Wastes: Cotton and Sunflower Stalks

Characterization of Cellulosic Pulps Isolated from Two Widespread Agricultural Wastes: Cotton and Sunflower Stalks

Extraction and preparation of cellulose nanocrystal from Brewer's spent grain and application in pickering emulsions

Phenolic and Cellulose-Rich Fractions from Subcritical Water Treated Beer Bagasse

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