Cellulite: poor correlation between instrumental methods and photograph evaluation for severity classification

Soares, Juliana L M; Miot, Hélio Amante; Sañudo, Adriana; Bagatin, Ediléia

doi:10.1111/ics.12177

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Cellulite is a skin discomfort developed by multiple factors (8) but the main etiology is not completely understood (9). The appearance of skin changes and it becomes like an “orange peel”.…”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of the Mechanisms and Effects of Noninvasive Body Contouring Devices on Cellulite and Subcutaneous Fat

Alizadeh

Halabchi

Mazaheri

et al. 2016

Int J Endocrinol Metab

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ContextToday, different kinds of non-invasive body contouring modalities, including cryolipolysis, radiofrequency (RF), low-level laser therapy (LLLT), and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) are available for reducing the volume of subcutaneous adipose tissue or cellulite. Each procedure has distinct mechanisms for stimulating apoptosis or necrosis adipose tissue. In addition to the mentioned techniques, some investigations are underway for analyzing the efficacy of other techniques such as whole body vibration (WBV) and extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT). In the present review the mechanisms, effects and side effects of the mentioned methods have been discussed. The effect of these devices on cellulite or subcutaneous fat reduction has been assessed.Evidence AcquisitionWe searched pubmed, google scholar and the cochrane databases for systemic reviews, review articles, meta-analysis and randomized clinical trials up to February 2015. The keywords were subcutaneous fat, cellulite, obesity, noninvasive body contouring, cryolipolysis, RF, LLLT, HIFU, ESWT and WBV with full names and abbreviations.ResultsWe included seven reviews and 66 original articles in the present narrative review. Most of them were applied on normal weight or overweight participants (body mass index < 30 kg/m2) in both genders with broad range of ages (18 to 50 years on average). In the original articles, the numbers of included methods were: 10 HIFU, 13 RF, 22 cryolipolysis, 11 LLLT, 5 ESWT and 4 WBV therapies. Six of the articles evaluated combination therapies and seven compared the effects of different devices.ConclusionsSome of the noninvasive body contouring devices in animal and human studies such as cryolipolysis, RF, LLLT and HIFU showed statistical significant effects on body contouring, removing unwanted fat and cellulite in some body areas. However, the clinical effects are mild to moderate, for example 2 - 4 cm circumference reduction as a sign of subcutaneous fat reduction during total treatment sessions. Overall, there is no definitive noninvasive treatment method for cellulite. Additionally, due to the methodological differences in the existing evidence, comparing the techniques is difficult.

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Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Nurnberger and Muller scale is the most commonly used classification for cellulite (9, 13). According to this scale, three grades were defined: I- visible changes with skin clamping or muscle contraction; II- visible changes without manipulation; and III- visible changes associated with nodules.…”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Mechanisms and Effects of Noninvasive Body Contouring Devices on Cellulite and Subcutaneous Fat

Alizadeh

Halabchi

Mazaheri

et al. 2016

Int J Endocrinol Metab

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“…Their clinical relevance remains arguable. Although photonumeric cellulite grading (5-point scale) and BMI were positively correlated with severity scores (10-point scale) in a study by Soares et al,28 high-frequency (20 MHz) ultrasound results and skin elasticity scores were not. A study by Smalls et al29 also showed that biomechanical properties were not correlated with cellulite severity, but BMI and architecture of the dermal–subcutaneous junction were.…”

Section: Clinical Features and Severity Gradingmentioning

confidence: 82%

Cellulite: a review with a focus on subcision

Friedmann¹,

Vick²,

Mishra³

2017

CCID

108

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“…It has been classified as one of the worst-tolerated symptoms by women [6]. As such, it attracted numerous studies related to pathophysiology [7,8] diagnosis [6,9,10] prevention and treatment through various anti-cellulite therapies [11][12][13][14]. Cellulite-specific symptoms appear as uneven, wrinkled skin surface with numerous thickenings, bulges and furrows, which represent defects and a weakening of connective tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-contact thermal imaging as potential tool for personalized diagnosis and prevention of cellulite

Bauer

Grabarek

Migasiewicz

et al. 2018

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Cellulite, the problem of dimpled appearance of the skin, affects approximately 85% of female population in developed countries and is classified as one of the worst tolerated by women deteriorating their quality of life and self-esteem. There is a lack of early, objective, quantitative and personalized diagnosis of different stages of cellulite, thus making prevention or early therapeutic intervention difficult. We have demonstrated the efficacy of thermal imaging using IR thermography in a group of female volunteers with different stages of cellulite. By analyzing the superficial temperature distribution of the body, it was possible to diagnose the cellulite stage. The thermal images of posterior site of thighs were recorded, and cellulite areas were identified for further quantitative analysis. We used a custom-designed classification scheme for automatic recognition of the different stages of cellulite as per the well-known Nürnberger-Müller diagnosis scheme. It was possible to diagnose the cellulite stages with over 80% accuracy. The accuracy can be further increased to over 97% using a threshold value correction scheme. Our work has shown that IR thermography when coupled with computer-aided imaging analysis and processing can be a very convenient and effective tool to enable personalized diagnosis and preventive medicine to improve the quality of life of women with cellulite problem.

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Cellulite: poor correlation between instrumental methods and photograph evaluation for severity classification

Abstract: Cellulite caused impact in quality of life. Poor correlation between objective measures and clinical evaluation was detected. Cellulite severity assessment is a challenge, and objective parameters should be optimized for clinical trials.

Cited by 21 publications

References 43 publications

Review of the Mechanisms and Effects of Noninvasive Body Contouring Devices on Cellulite and Subcutaneous Fat

Review of the Mechanisms and Effects of Noninvasive Body Contouring Devices on Cellulite and Subcutaneous Fat

Cellulite: a review with a focus on subcision

Non-contact thermal imaging as potential tool for personalized diagnosis and prevention of cellulite

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