Cellular vaccine therapies for cancer

Intratumoral IL-12 and TNF-α–Loaded Microspheres Lead To Regression of Breast Cancer and Systemic Antitumor Immunity

“…Autologous tumor cell vaccines have been investigated but have demonstrated disappointing clinical responses. 5 More promising results have been demonstrated with the use of genetically modified tumor cell vaccines, but this re-quires the creation of cell lines for ex vivo manipulation. This has been extremely difficult with breast cancer, where less tumor is available for procurement and the establishment of cell lines has proved challenging.…”