Cellular Protein Trafficking: A New Player in Low-Temperature Response Pathway

Abstract

Unlike animals, plants are unable to escape unfavorable conditions, such as extremities of temperature. Among abiotic variables, the temperature is notableas it affects plants from the molecular to the organismal level. Because of global warming, understanding temperature effects on plants is salient today and should be focused not only on rising temperature but also greater variability in temperature that is now besetting the world’s natural and agricultural ecosystems. Among the temperature stresses, low-temperature stress is one of the major stresses that limits crop productivity worldwide. Over the years, although substantial progress has been made in understanding low-temperature response mechanisms in plants, the research is more focused on aerial parts of the plants rather than on the root or whole plant, and more efforts have been made in identifying and testing the major regulators of this pathway preferably in the model organism rather than in crop plants. For the low-temperature stress response mechanism, ICE-CBF regulatory pathway turned out to be the solely established pathway, and historically most of the low-temperature research is focused on this single pathway instead of exploring other alternative regulators. In this review, we tried to take an in-depth look at our current understanding of low temperature-mediated plant growth response mechanism and present the recent advancement in cell biological studies that have opened a new horizon for finding promising and potential alternative regulators of the cold stress response pathway.

The Application of Auxin-like Compounds Promotes Cold Acclimation in the Oilseed Rape Plant

“…It has been widely reported, in order to reveal the preparation of the cold acclimation mechanisms, great attention should be paid to changes in membranes and their functions [ 11 , 13 , 14 , 56 ]. However, while it is recognized that proteins are key structural and functional elements within the cell, such as structural components of membranes, transporters, enzymes, and receptors, influencing and determining a variety of metabolic processes within the cell, including growth and development processes and cold resistance [ 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 ], till now, their metabolic processes, compositional changes, and relationships with plant resistance and preparation for wintering have not been fully investigated and disclosed. Experiments, especially on herbaceous plants, are usually carried out by simulating the process of cold acclimation, i.e., by changing the temperature and the duration of the photoperiod under control conditions [ 29 , 47 , 61 ].…”

“…It had been reported that changes in the protein composition from the cell membranes during the period of cold acclimation in the organs which are important for wintering in herbaceous plants (the terminal bud and root collar) need to be analyzed due to changes in the condition and functional properties of membranes [ 11 , 56 , 68 ]. In addition, proteins from the cell membrane are essential for the study of phytohormones and their interaction with receptors [ 57 , 60 , 69 ].…”

Effects of combined application of selenium and various plant hormones on the cold stress tolerance of tomato plants

“…Plants participate in cold stress response through ICE-CBF regulatory pathway (Ashraf et al 2022). Under cold and other abiotic stresses, CYSb is produced and takes part in the DREB and AREB signal transduction pathways (Zhang et al, 2008).…”

Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals CBF-Dependent and CBF-Independent Pathways under Low-Temperature Stress in Teak (Tectona grandis)

“…ABA (abscisic acid), JA (jasmonic acid), SA (salicylic acid), BR (brassinosteroid), and ET (ethylene) are involved in the plant response to cold stress by impacting CBF either individually or in combination. In contrast, the effects of Auxin and CK (cytokinin) are attributed to the modulation of hormone transporters under cold stress conditions, consequently impacting concentration gradients [16,17]. Moreover, downstream gene activation can be directly triggered by HY5 (enhanced hypocotyl 5), REV4 (reville4), REV8 (reville8), and CCA1 (circular clock associated 1) without the involvement of the CBF pathway [18,19].…”