Cellular oncomiR orthologue in EBV oncogenesis

Babu, Sunil G.; Ponia, Sanket S.; Kumar, Dinesh; Saxena, Sangeeta

doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2011.07.007

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Together with the fact that the viral miRNA downregulates LTAg, this would then imply that hsa-miR-423-5p negatively regulates this antigenic protein, thereby reducing immune response against the virus and limiting the viral replication rate [64]. Whereas SV40 is the only polyomavirus so far for which this has been demonstrated, the existence of these functional orthologs has also been described for the Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) [85], the Herpesviruses Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and Marek’s Disease Virus [95-98], and Epstein-Barr virus [99]. Although the existence of these functional orthologs appears to be a more general phenomenon, it is not clear whether these host miRNAs really evolved as a mechanism to combat specific viral infections or whether the virus – which likely evolves faster – in fact evolved to mimic specific host miRNAs.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The miRNA world of polyomaviruses

Lagatie

Tritsmans

Stuyver

2013

Virol J

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Polyomaviruses are a family of non-enveloped DNA viruses infecting several species, including humans, primates, birds, rodents, bats, horse, cattle, raccoon and sea lion. They typically cause asymptomatic infection and establish latency but can be reactivated under certain conditions causing severe diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play important roles in several cellular processes by binding to and inhibiting the translation of specific mRNA transcripts. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of microRNAs involved in polyomavirus infection. We review in detail the different viral miRNAs that have been discovered and the role they play in controlling both host and viral protein expression. We also give an overview of the current understanding on how host miRNAs may function in controlling polyomavirus replication, immune evasion and pathogenesis.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The miRNA world of polyomaviruses

Lagatie

Tritsmans

Stuyver

2013

Virol J

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“…Currently, the schemes for targeting miR-BARTs are reviewed in great detail by Lo AK et al [138]. In theory, EBV miRNAs are exogenous genes solely expressed in cancer cells, and display low sequence homology to known human miRNAs [139]. Advantage would be given to the development of miR-BART targeting therapeutic approach because of the tissue specific delivery and the potential off-target effect of the designed bullet.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Roles of Small Epstein-Barr Virus Derived Non-Coding RNAs in Epithelial Malignancy

Lung

Tong

2013

IJMS

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Latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is an etiological factor in the progression of several human epithelial malignancies such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and a subset of gastric carcinoma. Reports have shown that EBV produces several viral oncoproteins, yet their pathological roles in carcinogenesis are not fully elucidated. Studies on the recently discovered of EBV-encoded microRNAs (ebv-miRNAs) showed that these small molecules function as post-transcriptional gene regulators and may play a role in the carcinogenesis process. In NPC and EBV positive gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC), 22 viral miRNAs which are located in the long alternative splicing EBV transcripts, named BamH1 A rightward transcripts (BARTs), are abundantly expressed. The importance of several miR-BARTs in carcinogenesis has recently been demonstrated. These novel findings enhance our understanding of the oncogenic properties of EBV and may lead to a more effective design of therapeutic regimens to combat EBV-associated malignancies. This article will review the pathological roles of miR-BARTs in modulating the expression of cancer-related genes in both host and viral genomes. The expression of other small non-coding RNAs in NPC and the expression pattern of miR-BARTs in rare EBV-associated epithelial cancers will also be discussed.

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“…For example, EBV-miR-Bam HI-A region rightward transcript (BART)5 and EBV-miR-BART1-3p share similarity with cellular miR-18 (miR-17-92 cluster) and miR-29a/b, respectively. 52,53 Furthermore, viral miRNAs share seed sequence homology among themselves. 50 Moreover, individual EBV miRNAs can target multiple mRNAs, suggesting that many other targets are actually affected and await further identification.…”

Section: Genetic and Mirna Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the elderly

Papathomas

Medeiros

et al. 2013

Blood

198

178

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Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the elderly, initially described in 2003, is a provisional entity in the 2008 World Health Organization classification system and is defined as an EBV-positive monoclonal large B-cell proliferation that occurs in patients >50 years of age and in whom there is no known immunodeficiency or history of lymphoma. These tumors are more common in Asia but also occur in North America and Europe at a low frequency. These neoplasms exhibit a morphologic continuum, from polymorphous to monomorphous, but morphologic features do not correlate with prognosis as all patients have a clinically aggressive course. Most EBV-positive DLBCL of the elderly patients have an activated B-cell immunophenotype and are characterized by prominent nuclear factor-κB activation. Cytogenetic complexity is usually low. In this review, we comprehensively delineate the data emerging from analyses of EBV latency program, microRNA-mediated EBV viral oncogenesis, functional genomics of EBV and its biology, and differential diagnosis challenge for EBV-positive DLBCL of the elderly. It is hoped that the improved understanding of these tumors will lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches, enhance the effectiveness of clinical trials, and improve prognosis.

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Cellular oncomiR orthologue in EBV oncogenesis

Cited by 19 publications

References 57 publications

The miRNA world of polyomaviruses

The miRNA world of polyomaviruses

Emerging Roles of Small Epstein-Barr Virus Derived Non-Coding RNAs in Epithelial Malignancy

EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the elderly

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