Cellular mechanisms regulating human melanogenesis

Park, Heeyoung; Kosmadaki, Maria G.; Yaar, Mina; Gilchrest, Barbara A.

doi:10.1007/s00018-009-8703-8

Cited by 315 publications

(382 citation statements)

References 168 publications

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“…Melanocytes synthesize melanin in melanosomes and transfer the melanin granules to the adjacent keratinocytes, where melanins are accumulated to generate pigmented skin or hairs. High melanin content protects the skin from harmful ultraviolet rays owing to the ability to absorb UV radiation and quench the UV-induced intracellular free radicals (1,5,6). Defects in or a lack of melanocytes can lead to pigment disorders, such as piebaldism, albinism, vitiligo, and hair graying (7)(8)(9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wnt3a inhibits proliferation but promotes melanogenesis of melan-a cells

Guo

Yang

Deng

et al. 2012

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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Abstract. Melanocytes are pigment-producing cells responsible for coloration of skin and hair. Although the importance of Wnt3a in melanocyte development has been well recognized, the role of Wnt3a in mature melanocytes has not been elucidated. This study was conducted to further explore the effects of Wnt3a on melanocyte proliferation and melanogenesis, and to elucidate the possible mechanisms involved. We infected melan-a cells with AdWnt3a to serve as the production source of the Wnt3a protein. MTT assay, 5-bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay and flow cytometric analysis showed that Wnt3a inhibited the proliferation of melan-a cells and this was associated with decrease of cells in the S phase and increase of cells in the G 1 phase. Melanin content and tyrosinase activity assay revealed that Wnt3a significantly promoted melanogenesis of melan-a cells. Furthermore, western blot analysis showed that Wnt3a upregulated the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor and its downstream target genes, tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein 1 in melan-a cells. Collectively, our results suggest that Wnt3a plays an important role in melanocyte homeostasis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wnt3a inhibits proliferation but promotes melanogenesis of melan-a cells

Guo

Yang

Deng

et al. 2012

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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“…In monolayer culture, the color of B16 melanoma cells fades with cell passage unless induced by a-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (Lee et al 2010). Melanogenesis is modulated by various intracellular signaling mechanisms in response to a stimulus such as ultraviolet irradiation (Park et al 2009). Glucose depletion also enhances intracellular melanin as well as tyrosinase activity and expression (Cedrola et al 2004).…”

Section: Cell Viability In 3d Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scaffold-free surface culture of B16F10 murine melanoma cells based on magnetic levitation

et al. 2016

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Multicellular spheroids are obtained in a variety of three-dimensional (3D) culture systems without the use of supporting scaffold. We present here a 3D culture method that resulted in a multicellular sheet under scaffold-free conditions. A floating diskshaped 3D culture was prepared by magnetic levitation of B16F10 cells that has ingested Fe 3 O 4 -containing fibroin microspheres. The melanoma disk grew up to 19 mm in diameter and the thickness was ranged between 80 and 100 lm. The 3D culture was filled with closely packed cells that were proliferating exponentially at a specific growth rate of l = 0.015 h -1 . Approximately half of the cells were Ki-67 positive with no detectable levels of apoptotic or autophagic cells. However, the percentage of propidium iodidepermeable cells was 8.5 ± 1.2 %, which was probably due to physical damage in the cell membrane caused by Fe 3 O 4 -containing microspheres under a strong magnetic field. Melanin production increased by a factor of 3.0-3.7 in the 3D culture, due to an increased population of pigmented cells. This study presented a surface 3D culture of B16F10 cells without the use of a scaffold based on magnetic levitation.

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“…The microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is crucial in this process as it binds to the conserved consensus elements of the promoter and regulates the transcription of TYR along with two other melanogenic proteins (TYRP1 and DCT). 1 The development of an antagonist that targets MITF is thus a promising approach to melanogenic regulation and skin whitening.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%