Cellular Mechanisms in the Protection against Infection by Listeria monocytogenes in Mice

Takeya, Kenji; Shimotori, Shoichi; Taniguchi, Toru; Nomoto, Kikuo

doi:10.1099/00221287-100-2-373

Cited by 37 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Nude mice were able to restrain bacterial multiplication but were unable to eradicate the organisms, thereby becoming chronically infected. These experiments confirm the findings of other investigators (4,5,14,19).…”

supporting

confidence: 83%

Efficacy of ampicillin therapy in experimental listeriosis in mice with impaired T-cell-mediated immune response

Bakker-Woudenberg¹,

P²,

Leeuwen³

et al. 1981

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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supporting

confidence: 83%

Efficacy of ampicillin therapy in experimental listeriosis in mice with impaired T-cell-mediated immune response

Bakker-Woudenberg¹,

P²,

Leeuwen³

et al. 1981

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…In mice exposed to irradiation or treated with carrageenan, the number of bacteria increased nearly exponentially from 6 h. The suppression of such a fulminating bacterial growth by 72 h which occurs in normal mice may be ascribed to normal phagocytes, since the suppression is similar in athymic nude mice and normal littermates (Takeya et al, 1977). The cells responsible for such protection may be some population of circulating phagocytes but not the fixed macrophages in the liver, since shielding of the liver in whole body irradiation did not prevent fulminating bacterial growth by 72 h. Such an explanation may be supported by the results of North (1970) who showed that local irradiation of the liver, with the rest of body shielded, did not enhance bacterial growth by 72 h. It is reported that neutrophils begin to accumulate in the lesion a few hours after infection and macrophages become detectable at 48 h and comprise the majority of infiltrating cells at 96 h (North, 1970).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Therefore, a fulminating course of infection would be expected to occur in athymic nude mice. However, nude mice showed a persistent form of infection (Emmerling, Finger & Bockemuhl, 1975;Takeya et al, 1977). During the first 3 d of infection, the number of bacteria in the liver or spleen was smaller in nude mice than in normal littermates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the first 3 d of infection, the number of bacteria in the liver or spleen was smaller in nude mice than in normal littermates. Takeya et al (1977) showed that the number of bacteria after 72 h of infection was strikingly increased by whole body irradiation with a lethal dose (900 R), or by administration of blocking agents of the reticuloendothelial system. Free phagocytes appear to suppress a fulminating bacterial growth, especially at an early stage of infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three Phases of Phagocyte Contribution to Resistance against Listeria monocytogenes

Mitsuyama

Takeya

Nomoto

et al. 1978

Journal of General Microbiology

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133

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The contribution of phagocytes to protection against LiJteria monocytogenes was analysed in outbred ddN mice. Most of the bacteria injected intravenously at a dose of 3 x lo3 to 4 x lo3 were trapped in the liver within 10 min. There was a transient 10-fold decrease in the number of bacteria by 6 h. Anti-listeria activity in the initial phase was resistant to X-irradiation but was inhibited by carrageenan, and was not influenced by immunization. The protection in this very early stage of infection seemed to be attributable to the function of fixed macrophages. Viable bacteria in the organs increased progressively but slowly from 6 h to 72 h to reach maximum numbers. Bacterial growth during this period was markedly enhanced by X-irradiation or treatment with carrageenan. Accumulation of free phagocytes seemed to suppress the bacterial growth in this phase. The number of bacteria began to decrease from day 4 and became undetectable by day 9. The suppressive effect on bacterial growth in this last phase may be dependent on immunologically activated macrophages and was reversed by X-irradiation and carrageenan. The course of local infection was similar to that of systemic infection except for the lack of initial decrease. We conclude that the course of infection with L. monocytogenes can be divided into three phases with regard to the roles of phagocytes in resistance.

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“…Studies have reported that the estimates of the protection against TB imparted by BCG strains varied widely (0–80%) [5], [6], [7]. The greatest protection reported in the UK (∼80%) by the Medical Research Council is strikingly different from trials by the US Public Health Service in Georgia, Alabama and Puerto Rico, all of which recorded protection of <30% [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Sequencing and Analysis of BCG Vaccine Strains

Zhang

Zheng

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundAlthough the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine against tuberculosis (TB) has been available for more than 75 years, one third of the world's population is still infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and approximately 2 million people die of TB every year. To reduce this immense TB burden, a clearer understanding of the functional genes underlying the action of BCG and the development of new vaccines are urgently needed.Methods and FindingsComparative genomic analysis of 19 M. tuberculosis complex strains showed that BCG strains underwent repeated human manipulation, had higher region of deletion rates than those of natural M. tuberculosis strains, and lost several essential components such as T-cell epitopes. A total of 188 BCG strain T-cell epitopes were lost to various degrees. The non-virulent BCG Tokyo strain, which has the largest number of T-cell epitopes (359), lost 124. Here we propose that BCG strain protection variability results from different epitopes. This study is the first to present BCG as a model organism for genetics research. BCG strains have a very well-documented history and now detailed genome information. Genome comparison revealed the selection process of BCG strains under human manipulation (1908–1966).ConclusionsOur results revealed the cause of BCG vaccine strain protection variability at the genome level and supported the hypothesis that the restoration of lost BCG Tokyo epitopes is a useful future vaccine development strategy. Furthermore, these detailed BCG vaccine genome investigation results will be useful in microbial genetics, microbial engineering and other research fields.

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Cellular Mechanisms in the Protection against Infection by Listeria monocytogenes in Mice

Cited by 37 publications

References 13 publications

Efficacy of ampicillin therapy in experimental listeriosis in mice with impaired T-cell-mediated immune response

Efficacy of ampicillin therapy in experimental listeriosis in mice with impaired T-cell-mediated immune response

Three Phases of Phagocyte Contribution to Resistance against Listeria monocytogenes

Genome Sequencing and Analysis of BCG Vaccine Strains

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