Cellular localization of the mitogenic principle of phytohaemagglutinin in leucocyte cultures

Michałowski, A.; Jasińska, J; Brzosko, W; Nowosławski, A

doi:10.1016/0014-4827(64)90380-5

Cited by 25 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Similar experiments with peripheral granulocytes and red cells, not reported here, were also negative and this is supported by the observation that absorption of PHA by red ceils failed to remove its mitogenic activity (19). It would therefore appear that the mitogenic material in PHA was specifically taken up by lymphocytes alone and this is supported by studies with fluorescentlabeled PHA (20) which demonstrated that only lymphocytes from human peripheral blood became labeled and nuclear localization of fluorescent material was described in cells undergoing transformation into "blast" cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

The Effects of Antigens and of Phytohemagglutinin on Rabbit Spleen Cell Suspensions

Harris

Littleton

1966

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulated the rate of DNA synthesis in rabbit spleen cell suspensions. Unlike antigens, previous immunization to PHA was not necessary and the specific response could not be transferred by macrophages, although lymphocytes primed by incubation in PHA were able to stimulate other spleen cells not directly exposed to PHA. When rabbits were stimulated by in vivo immunization with antigens, spleen cells proliferating in response to antigen were stimulated to divide by in vitro contact with PHA. Using the technique of specific hemolytic plaque formation by individual cells synthesizing γM-antibody to sheep red cells (plaque-forming cells), no evidence was obtained that stimulation of cell division by PHA resulted in specific antibody formation, although the presence of antigen resulted both in stimulation of cell proliferation and the production of plaque-forming cells. The presence of both sheep red cells and PHA in the medium of the same cell suspensions did not enhance the production of plaque-forming cells although there was a summative effect on DNA synthesis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

The Effects of Antigens and of Phytohemagglutinin on Rabbit Spleen Cell Suspensions

Harris

Littleton

1966

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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“…The existence of an apparent minimum exposure time of lymphocytes to PHA raises the question of whether a finite period of exposure is necessary, either for absorption of PHA on to the lymphocyte membrane (Vassar & Cullin, 1964), or for its incorporation into the cytoplasm (Michaelowski et a]., 1964;Rieke, 1965;Conard, 1967;Razavi, 1966). However, since the lymphocyte populations responding to these observed exposure times must be heterogeneous in regard to their cell generation cycles and hence in their PHA responsiveness, then any further interpretation of the significance of a minimal exposure time must await more detailed investigations of this facet of the response, utilizing cultures of lymphocytes in synchrony.…”

Section: I S C U S S L O Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Reactivity of Human Small Lymphocytes in Culture: The Effects of Concentration and Duration of Exposure to Phytohaemagglutinin

1969

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The reactivity to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) of column purified human small lymphocytes in culture has been quantitated by tritiated thymidine uptake into newly synthesized DNA. Using this system the dependence of lymphocyte response on PHA concentration, purity of PHA and duration of exposure was demonstrated in detail. Stimulation of lymphocytes was found to occur within 10 min of the addition of PHA. Maximal responsiveness occurred with exposure to PHA for 10 hr, while further exposure resulted in a sub‐maximal response.

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“…It has been suggested that the blastogenic factor of PHA produces blastogenesis as a result of its attachment to some structure of the lymphocyte (25, 48, 49, 79, 80), possibly the cell's membrane (93) or nucleus (94). The antiserum to human leukocytes, prepared in rabbits, presumably contains antibodies that combine with the groups on or within the lymphocytes which had induced formation of the antibodies.…”

Section: Blastogenic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue Culture Studies of the Human Lymphocyte

Robbins

1964

Science

261

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in optical astronomy, as interest in theoretical astrophysics, radio astronomy, and space astronomy grows, the proposed program is still based upon a straightforward projection. In view of the important contributions being made to the development of astronomy by observers with U.S. optical telescopes, to provide less than is recommended here would, in the opinion of the panel, mean a loss of momentum, and would constitute a retrenchment.There is no single index in radio in optical astronomy, as interest in theoretical astrophysics, radio astronomy, and space astronomy grows, the proposed program is still based upon a straightforward projection. In view of the important contributions being made to the development of astronomy by observers with U.S. optical telescopes, to provide less than is recommended here would, in the opinion of the panel, mean a loss of momentum, and would constitute a retrenchment.There is no single index in radio astronomy that represents the groundbased observing potential in the United States, particularly since modern antenna systems consist of both arrays and paraboloids. The growth of the major U.S. facilities is barely a decade old, and no long-term trends or growth rates can be said to have been established. The panel proposes a set of facilities demanded by the nature of the problems now faced in this field. These facilities will create capabilities for observational research commensu-astronomy that represents the groundbased observing potential in the United States, particularly since modern antenna systems consist of both arrays and paraboloids. The growth of the major U.S. facilities is barely a decade old, and no long-term trends or growth rates can be said to have been established. The panel proposes a set of facilities demanded by the nature of the problems now faced in this field. These facilities will create capabilities for observational research commensu-rate with these demands, and quite beyond any yet provided. The manpower, the techniques, and the engineering competence for realization of this goal are all in sight. Note

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Cellular localization of the mitogenic principle of phytohaemagglutinin in leucocyte cultures

Cited by 25 publications

References 6 publications

The Effects of Antigens and of Phytohemagglutinin on Rabbit Spleen Cell Suspensions

The Effects of Antigens and of Phytohemagglutinin on Rabbit Spleen Cell Suspensions

The Reactivity of Human Small Lymphocytes in Culture: The Effects of Concentration and Duration of Exposure to Phytohaemagglutinin

Tissue Culture Studies of the Human Lymphocyte

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