Cellular localization of putative odorant receptor mRNAs in olfactory and chemosensory neurons: a non radioactive in situ hybridization study

Kishimoto, Jiro; Cox, Hilary J.; Keverne, E.B.; Emson, Piers C.

doi:10.1016/0169-328x(94)90208-9

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The bilaterally symmetrical, restricted staining pattern observed in this line is most similar to the in situ hybridization patterns exhibited by certain putative olfactory receptor clones (Buck and Axel, 1991;Strotmann et al, 1992Strotmann et al, , 1994. Similar zonal distribution patterns of receptors have been reported by several authors (Ressler et al, 1993;Vassar et al, 1993;Kishimoto et al, 1994). In this transgenic line, stained neurons were broadly distributed throughout the thickness of the epithelial layer and not restricted only to that portion of the neuroepithelium containing the most mature neurons.…”

Section: Olfactory Expression Of H-omp-lacz Constructssupporting

confidence: 69%

Proximal regions of the olfactory marker protein gene promoter direct olfactory neuron-specific expression in transgenic mice

et al. 1996

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Olfactory marker protein (OMP) expression is highly restricted to mature olfactory neurons (ON). Less than 0.3 kb of upstream 5′ flanking sequence of the OMP gene directs lacZ expression preferentially to ON in several independently derived lines of transgenic mice. A larger transgene with 0.8 kb of upstream flanking sequence also gave lacZ expression in ON and in a few ectopic sites in the central nervous system (CNS). In addition to the main olfactory epithelium, endogenous OMP is also expressed in chemosensory neurons of the vomeronasal and septal organs, and lacZ expression was detected in neurons of these sites as well. This confirmed the presence of regulatory sequences in the proximal portion of the OMP gene. Endogenous OMP expression in ON was normal in all transgenic lines. Strikingly, in several transgenic lines lacZ expression was restricted to subsets of ON. In one such line, ON axons were intensely stained for lacZ and projected to a subset of olfactory bulb glomeruli. Although identifiable subsets of ON and their termination fields have been described previously, this is the first demonstration of this phenomenon in transgenic mice. These lines of transgenic mice thus provide in vivo models for characterization of genetic elements regulating developmental and functional organization of the olfactory neuroepithelium. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Section: Olfactory Expression Of H-omp-lacz Constructssupporting

confidence: 69%

Proximal regions of the olfactory marker protein gene promoter direct olfactory neuron-specific expression in transgenic mice

et al. 1996

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“…In the dog, the size of the family was estimated to be more than 400 genes by the screening of a dog genomic library with a mixture of PCR clones, and it was considered that the number was an underestimate [22]. In mouse and rat, quantitative in situ hybridization studies [15,19,50,51] indicate that the number of OR genes is in the range of 1000 and may be even larger. For example, in mouse [19], probes for three different receptors, K18, K4 and K7, labeled 0.08 (one-fourth of 1/150), 0.08, and 0.16% (one-fourth of 1/300) of olfactory neurons, respectively.…”

Section: A Large Gene Familymentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertebrate odorant receptors

Zhao

Firestein

1999

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (CMLS)

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Olfactory transduction begins with the binding of an odorous molecule to a protein receptor--odorant receptor--on the cell surface of olfactory neuron. Odorant receptors are encoded by a large gene family belonging to the superfamily of G-protein-coupled, seven-transmembrane-domain receptors. Since the identification of the receptor gene family in 1991, a considerable amount of progress has been made in the study of odorant receptors, including aspects of spatial and temporal expression pattern, the genomic organization of the receptor genes, regulation of expression, and receptor function. These studies are of critical importance in understanding how the olfactory system recognizes and distinguishes thousands of odors.

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“…For in situ hybridization, transgenic embryo (E13.5) or newborn skin was fixed in freshly prepared 4% paraformaldehyde and processed through a standard paraffin-embedding protocol under RNase-free conditions. Digoxigenin-labeled in situ hybridization was performed on 8-m paraffin sections, as described previously (14). cDNA for lacZ and mouse versican [nucleotides 243-880, corresponding to a portion of the hyaluronan-binding domain that detects all versican isoforms (8)] were amplified by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective activation of the versican promoter by epithelial– mesenchymal interactions during hair follicle development

Kishimoto

Ehama

et al. 1999

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

199

233

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Interaction between the epithelium and the mesenchyme is an essential feature of organogenesis, including hair follicle formation. The dermal papilla (DP), a dense aggregate of specialized dermis-derived stromal cells located at the bottom of the follicle, is a major component of hair that signals the follicular epithelial cells to prolong the hair growth process. However, little is known about DP-specific gene activation with regard to hair induction. In this study we demonstrate that a short fragment (839 bp) of the human versican (a core protein of one of the matrix chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans) promoter is sufficient to activate lacZ reporter gene expression in the DP of postnatal transgenic mice and also in the condensed mesenchyme (the origin of the DP) beneath the hair placode during hair follicle embryogenesis. Using the same versican promoter with green f luorescent protein (GFP), large numbers of fresh pelage DP cells were isolated from newborn transgenic skin by high-speed cell sorting. These GFP-positive DP cells showed abundant versican mRNA, confirming that the reporter molecules ref lected endogenous versican gene expression. These sorted GFPpositive cells showed DP-like morphology in culture, but both GFP and versican expression was lost during primary culture. In vivo hair growth assays showed that GFP-positive cells could induce hair when grafted with epithelial cells, whereas GFP-negative cells grafted with epithelium or GFP-positive cells alone did not. These results suggest that versican may play an essential role both in mesenchymal condensation and in hair induction.Epithelial-mesenchymal interaction during development is essential for the induction of organogenesis for many tissues (e.g., kidney, gut, respiratory organ, cutaneous appendage). Among these, the hair follicle provides an excellent model for studying epithelial-mesenchymal interactions because (i) it is located on the outermost layer of the body, allowing easy access and observation; (ii) it has distinct epithelial and mesenchymal components; and (iii) a definitive functional assay for in vivo hair induction already exists (1).The dermal papilla (DP) is located at the bottom of the hair follicle and is the major mesenchymal component. The DP originates from condensed mesenchymal cells that lie beneath the epithelial hair germ cells (placode) in embryonic skin. These specialized mesenchymal cells are believed to be the source of the dermal-derived signaling molecule(s) involved in hair follicle development and embryogenesis and, later, in postnatal hair cycling (2). Hair follicle development during embryogenesis requires a series of reciprocal interactions between the epithelium and the underlying mesenchymal cells. Initially, the dermal mesenchyme signals the epithelium to form the epidermal placode. In response, the epithelium sends a message to the underlying mesenchyme to initiate mesenchymal condensation. The condensed mesenchyme then sends a message back to the epithelium, promoting hair elongation (3). Recen...

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Cellular localization of putative odorant receptor mRNAs in olfactory and chemosensory neurons: a non radioactive in situ hybridization study

Cited by 36 publications

References 14 publications

Proximal regions of the olfactory marker protein gene promoter direct olfactory neuron-specific expression in transgenic mice

Proximal regions of the olfactory marker protein gene promoter direct olfactory neuron-specific expression in transgenic mice

Vertebrate odorant receptors

Selective activation of the versican promoter by epithelial– mesenchymal interactions during hair follicle development

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