Cellular Localization of Orexin Receptors in Human Pituitary*

Blanco, Montserrat; López, Miguel; García‐Caballero, Tomás; Gallego, Rosalı́a; Vázquez-Boquete, Ángel; Morel, Guillaume; Señarı́s, Rosa; Casanueva, Felipe F.; Diéguez, Carlos; Beiras, A.

doi:10.1210/jcem.86.4.7433

Cited by 17 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…RP-HPLC analysis detected orexin-A and orexin-B in rat adenohypophysis, although the amounts were far less than in the median eminence (Date et al, 2000b). On the other hand, intraventricular injections of orexins stimulate the liberation of gonadotropins (Pu et al, 1998) and ACTH (Kuru et al, 2000) and inhibit the secretion of LH, prolactin (Kohsaka et al, 2001) and GH (Blanco et al, 2001;Seoane et al, 2004;Molik et al, 2008). Recent data suggest that these neuropeptides also increase the production of glucocorticoids in rats and humans (Spinazzi et al, 2006), being implicated in processes of stress produced after the activation of the hypothalamic orexinergic cells by CRF (Winsky-Sommerer et al, 2004).…”

Section: Localization Of Orexin-ir Fibers In the Brain Of Vertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical localization of orexins (hypocretins) in the brain of reptiles and its relation to monoaminergic systems

Domı́nguez

Morona

Joven

et al. 2010

Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy

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Section: Localization Of Orexin-ir Fibers In the Brain Of Vertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical localization of orexins (hypocretins) in the brain of reptiles and its relation to monoaminergic systems

Domı́nguez

Morona

Joven

et al. 2010

Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy

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“…Recently, we have demonstrated by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry the localization of orexin receptors in human pituitary gland (Blanco et al 2001). With double immunofluorescence we demonstrated that OX 1 R is expressed in somatotroph cells and that OX 2 R is found in corticotrophs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…More recently, the expression of orexin receptors in peripheral tissues, such as the rat and human adrenal gland (Lopez et al 1999;Blanco et al 2002) and the human pituitary (Blanco et al 2001), was demonstrated by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Similarly, the presence of orexins in various tissues including posterior lobe of rat pituitary (Date et al 2000), pineal gland (Mikkelsen et al 2001), pancreas, intestinal mucosa (Kirchgessner and Liu 1999), and stomach (Sanchez de Miguel and Burrel 2002) was also reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular localization of orexins in human anterior pituitary

Blanco

Gallego

García‐Caballero

et al. 2003

Histochemistry and Cell Biology

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Orexins A and B are hypothalamic peptides derived from a precursor called prepro-orexin and are associated with the stimulation of food intake and arousal. There is evidence that orexins act on some pituitary functions. Since no studies have been done concerning the presence of orexins in human pituitary, it is unclear whether the local effect of these peptides is due to orexins synthesized in the pituitary or to circulating-derived orexins. To define a possible paracrine regulatory role of orexins on pituitary cell function, we have sought to characterize the expression of orexins in the human adenohypophysis as well as to identify the cell types that express these proteins. In the present study, we used immunohistochemistry and double labeling to detect the presence of orexin A and orexin B in human pituitary. Orexin A was localized in 33% of pituitary cells. With double immunofluorescence techniques we demonstrated that orexin A is present in PRL (82 +/- 5.3%), TSH (18 +/- 2.3%), GH (10 +/- 2.3%), FSH (8 +/- 2.6%), and LH (7 +/- 3.2%) cells, but not in corticotroph cells. Orexin B was found in virtually all corticotrophs cells of the anterior pituitary. These results demonstrate that lactotroph cells are the main source of orexin A and corticotroph cells of orexin B. In summary the present findings provide the first evidence that orexins A and B are expressed in specific human pituitary cell types. Our data provide the cellular basis for a paracrine role of orexins in human pituitary cell function and further our understanding regarding the mechanisms by which orexins influence neuroendocrine function.

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“…A growing number of publications indicate that orexin neuropeptides are also involved in endocrine regulation via the hypothalamo-pituitary axis [2,9,48,49,50]. Regulation of the sympathetic system [64,125], thermogenesis and the hypothalamo-pituitary axis is consistent with orexin's proposed roles in promoting wakefulness and metabolic rate [128].…”

Section: Orexins and Energy Homeostasis: In Light Of Narcolepsymentioning

confidence: 78%

Orexins: from neuropeptides to energy homeostasis and sleep/wake regulation

2002

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The neuropeptides orexin A and orexin B (also called hypocretin 1 and 2) were recently discovered by a "reverse pharmacology" approach as ligands for two previously orphan G protein coupled receptors: orexin receptors 1 and 2. Neurons producing orexins are located exclusively in the lateral hypothalamic area but project broadly to various parts of the brain, and they have been implicated in the control of energy homeostasis and arousal maintenance. The orexin receptors are also broadly expressed in the central nervous system. Murine and canine models suggest that defective signaling in the orexin system is responsible for the sleep/wake disorder narcolepsy. Although narcoleptic patients rarely have genetic defects in the orexin system, they lack these neuropeptides in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid, indicating that human narcolepsy is an orexin deficiency syndrome in the majority of cases. A connection between sleep/wake regulation and energy homeostasis is hypothesized with orexin neuropeptides as a molecular link.

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Cellular Localization of Orexin Receptors in Human Pituitary*

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Immunohistochemical localization of orexins (hypocretins) in the brain of reptiles and its relation to monoaminergic systems

Immunohistochemical localization of orexins (hypocretins) in the brain of reptiles and its relation to monoaminergic systems

Cellular localization of orexins in human anterior pituitary

Orexins: from neuropeptides to energy homeostasis and sleep/wake regulation

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