Cellular Localisation of Australia Antigen in the Liver of Patients With Lymphoproliferative Disorders

Nowosławski, A; Brzosko, W. J.; Madaliński, K; Krawczyński, K.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(70)91580-1

Cited by 121 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The core of the Dane particle had a diameter of 27 nm and was morphologically similar to rhinoviruses. This particle seemed to be identical to particles observed in hepatocytic nuclei (3,6,7) and liver homogenates (8) of patients with HBV infection. Antibody directed against the internal component of the Dane particle, different from antibody to HBAg, was found during acute attacks of hepatitis B and persisted for as long as 3 years (9).…”

supporting

confidence: 68%

Purification of Naked Intranuclear Particles from Human Liver Infected by Hepatitis B Virus

Hirschman¹,

Gerber²,

Garfinkel³

1974

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The isolation and purification of the naked intranuclear particles ofa human liver infected with hepatitis B virus is described. The particles had a diameter of 27-28 nm, were hexagonal, and showed the presence of capsomeres and spikes with lengths of 7-10 nm projecting from the surfaces. The particles formed cubic arrays with center-to-center distances of40-42 nm. The overall particle symmetry was icosahedral. The ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the particles showed a peak at 264 nm with a shoulder at 280 nm. Endogenous DNA polymerase activity was not detected in fractions containing particles. DNA polymerase activity was present when activated DNA or d(A-T). was used as exogenous template.The first specific biochemical trace of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was the discovery of hepatitis B antigen (HBAg) in the serum of infected patients (1). HBAg was observed to be particulate, consisting of two main morphologic forms (2): small round forms 18-20 nm in diameter and tube forms with a diameter of 20 nm, lengths of 50-230 nm, and cross striations with a periodicity of 3 nm (3). Dane et al. (4) described larger particles, 40-42 nm in diameter, with a double shell and an inner core resembling a viral nucleoid. These particles also had hepatitis B antigenic determinants on their surfaces. Dane et al. (4) suggested that these larger particles may represent the complete virion and that the other morphologic forms of particulate HBAg represented excess coat protein. A new antigen-antibody system in the sera of patients with HBV infection was found by treating pellets prepared from sera particularly rich in Dane particles with 0.5% Tween 80 (polysorbate) in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) to release the internal component of the Dane particle (5). The core of the Dane particle had a diameter of 27 nm and was morphologically similar to rhinoviruses. This particle seemed to be identical to particles observed in hepatocytic nuclei (3, 6, 7) and liver homogenates (8) of patients with HBV infection. Antibody directed against the internal component of the Dane particle, different from antibody to HBAg, was found during acute attacks of hepatitis B and persisted for as long as 3 years (9). However, the postulated identity of the Dane core and hepatocyte intranuclear naked particle has not yet been proved.Isolation of cores of Dane particles from human serum recently has been described (10). However, these cores were obtained in small quantities by detergent treatment of Dane post-fixed and Epon-embedded liver were prepared and examined by electron microscopy using a uranyl acetate-lead citrate stain according to standard techniques (12). Frozen sections of liver were examined by the direct fluorescent antibody technique with fluorescein-conjugated antisera to HBAg, IgG, IgM, IgA and beta-1-C, beta-1-A globulin (13,14). Human antiserum to HBAg was derived from a patient with hemophilia; the fluorescein-conjugated antibody was shown previously to give both cytoplasmic and nuclear fluorescence with HBV-infected...

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supporting

confidence: 68%

Purification of Naked Intranuclear Particles from Human Liver Infected by Hepatitis B Virus

Hirschman¹,

Gerber²,

Garfinkel³

1974

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Controls on the specificity of the indirect procedure included absorption of the unlabeled antiserum with specificantigen-con taining serum, prestaining with normal sera, and poststaining with labeled unrelated antisera. Examination of frozen sections of liver from a kidney transplant patient with long-term H B antigenemia by direct and indirect immunofluorescence methods revealed characteristic cytoplasmic and nuclear localization of H B antigen, similar to that described by Nowoslawski et al (17) and Madalinski et al (18). Sections of the liver of persons negative for H B antigen were negative.…”

supporting

confidence: 80%

“…The nuclear HB antigen observed in some of the cultured hepatocytes in the present study is silmilar to the irnmunofluorescence-localized nuclear HB antigen demonstrated by Nowoslawski et al (particularly Figs. 1 and 2A) in sections of liver from patients with lymphoproliferative disorders and HB antigenemia (17), and appears to be similar to 'the nuclear HB antigen descrilbed by Coyne, Blumberg, and Millman (8) in cells from liver biopsies of patients with HB antigenemia, detected with fluorescein-labeled antibody.…”

Section: Exposure Of Cultures To Acute-phase Serasupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Nowoslawski et aE. (17) and Nelson,Barker,and Danovitch (20) have also observed the characteristic viral-like particles in liver cell nuclei of patien ts with an tigen-posi tive lymphoproliferative disorders or acute antigen-positive hepatitis. Ilt has recently been determined, using immuno-electron microscopy, that the 2O-nm nuclear viral-like particles have the specificity of HB antigen (21).…”

Section: Exposure Of Cultures To Acute-phase Seramentioning

confidence: 91%

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Hepatitis B Virus Antigen Development in Cultured Human Hepatocytes

Noyes

1973

Experimental Biology and Medicine

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“…It has also been reported that in patients with various malignant lympho proliférative disorders in whose sera Au Ag was detectable, the same antigen was detected in the liver at autopsy by means of the immunofluorescence technique [36]. It is of interest, that Au Ag was not found in any non-US pa tients with leukemia who had received multiple transfusions [48], The differ ence in the incidence of Au Ag in US and non-US patients with leukemia who had blood transfusions may be related to the types of donors in the var ious countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

The Incidence and Significance of Australia Antigen in Cancer Patients

Al‐Sarraf¹,

Kithier²,

Sardesai³

et al. 1973

Oncology

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Australia antigen (Au Ag) has been found in a higher frequency in patients with acute hepatitis, leukemia or Hodgkin’s disease as compared to normal subjects, in this study, 759 sera from 453 patients with advanced cancer were tested for Au Ag by the double radical immunodiffusion of Ouchterlony and by counter-electrophoresis. In addition, 40 patients with different non-neoplastic disease, 45 with malignancy of reticuloendothelial (RE) tissues, and 15 with viral hepatitis were tested for the presence of Au Ag. The Au Ag was found in 5 (1.1%) of the cancer patients, and in 3 (60%) of 5 patients with serum hepatitis. No Au Ag was found in any other sera tested. None of the 12 patients with hepatoma were found to have Au AG, while α-1-fetoprotein was found in the sera in 8 of the cases.

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Cellular Localisation of Australia Antigen in the Liver of Patients With Lymphoproliferative Disorders

Cited by 121 publications

References 15 publications

Purification of Naked Intranuclear Particles from Human Liver Infected by Hepatitis B Virus

Purification of Naked Intranuclear Particles from Human Liver Infected by Hepatitis B Virus

Hepatitis B Virus Antigen Development in Cultured Human Hepatocytes

The Incidence and Significance of Australia Antigen in Cancer Patients

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