Cellular interactions of functionalized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on oligodendrocytes without detrimental side effects: Cell death induction, oxidative stress and inflammation

Abstract

Iron oxide nanoparticles have the capability to cross Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) and hence are widely investigated for biomedical operations in the central nervous system. Before being used for the biomedical purpose, it is necessary to investigate its biocompatibility, dosimetry and biological interaction. In the present study, in-house synthesized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were functionalized using the polymer, PolyEthylene Glycol (PEG) and a fluorophore (Rhodamine). The interaction of these nanoparticles with murine oligodendrocytes 158N was studied using different assays. The nanoparticles were taken up by the cells via endocytosis and there was a dose-dependent increase in the intracellular iron content as revealed by flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy and confocal microscopy. Nanoparticles remained stable inside cells even after 24 h. Cell sorting capacity using a magnet depended on the number of particles interact per cell. SPIONs exhibited good biocompatibility as no toxicological responses, including morphological changes, loss of viability, oxidative stress or inflammatory response (IL-1β, IL-6 secretion) were observed. Together, these data show that the in-house synthesized SPIONs have no side effects on 158N cells, and constitute interesting tools for biomedical applications across brain, including cellular imaging and targeting.

Innovative Magnetic Nanoparticles for PET/MRI Bimodal Imaging

“…Indeed, we evaluate with this test a high concentration of NPs (until 300 μg mL –1 ) compared to those mentioned in the reported literature. 58,59 No dose effect is observed in the present study. The mitochondrial enzymatic activity of HepG2 cells is maintained when they are exposed to the functionalized NPs during 24 h. Thanks to these results, an in vivo evaluation of Fe 3 O 4 –LDOPA–PEG–MANOTA NPs on animals (mice) was performed.…”

Biodistribution, biocompatibility and targeted accumulation of magnetic nanoporous silica nanoparticles as drug carrier in orthopedics

“…8 Detected MNPSNP clusters (→) in subcutis with former implant location (*) of the left (a) and right hindlimb (b) and in a corresponding lymph node (c) of group 1. Scale bar: 50 µm [71][72][73]. Clusters in heart muscles were most likely located intravascularly.…”

Elaboration of Trans-Resveratrol Derivative-Loaded Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Glioma Treatment

“…The results obtained with clonogenic assay could be correlated with FDA results showing a possible damage of the cellular membrane caused by SPIONs-CPTES and SPIONs-CPTES-HAPtS nanoparticles, as is shown in Figure 10, which could be the main cause of the cell’s incapacity to replicate. These preliminary results could be explained by the fact that SPIONs could: (i) favor the deregulation of localized signaling pathways at the level of plasma membrane involved in the life-death balance of the cells; (ii) contribute to better internalization of HAPtS inside the cell through endocytic vesicles [62,65]; (iii) increase the half-life of HAPtS in the cell by delaying its catabolism. These different points could contribute, at least in part, to the anti-proliferative and cytotoxic activity of HAPtS.…”