Cellular Innate Immunity: An Old Game with New Players

Abstract

Innate immunity is a rapidly evolving field with novel cell types and molecular pathways being discovered and paradigms changing continuously. Innate and adaptive immune responses are traditionally viewed as separate from each other, but emerging evidence suggests that they overlap and mutually interact. Recently discovered cell types, particularly innate lymphoid cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, are gaining increasing attention. Here, we summarize and highlight current concepts in the field, focusing on innate immune cells as well as the inflammasome and DNA sensing which appear to be critical for the activation and orchestration of innate immunity, and may provide novel therapeutic opportunities for treating autoimmune, autoinflammatory, and infectious diseases.

Nouvelles stratégies d’innovations vaccinales et leurs application en médecine vétérinaire

“…Les neutrophiles sont capables de se suicider en expulsant leur propre ADN hors de la cellule pour piéger et immobiliser les pathogènes ; ils sont plus résistants et plus actifs en masse dans les espaces interstitiels que ce que l'on pensait (Herwald & Egesten, 2017). Les macrophages pourraient acquérir une sorte de mémoire, alors que certains types de cellules lymphoïdes ont aussi des fonctions innées (Gasteiger et al 2017). L'activation de l'immunité est sous la dépendance de plateformes moléculaires appelées inflammasomes (Sagoo et al 2016) Historiquement, et encore aujourd'hui, les vaccins les plus efficaces sont souvent associés à la production d'anticorps neutralisants.…”

Catch Me if You Can or Actors on the Run

“…Aside from the contribution by Xi-Qiu Xu and collaborators, four articles of the current issue investigate phagocytosing cells [14-17]. Their findings underline that the cellular innate immune response constitutes another essential defense system against invading pathogens, being orchestrated by the complement system and activation of pattern recognition receptors [18]. Amazingly, all four articles deal with different immunological aspects telling us that there is still no redundancy when conducting research on the innate immune system.…”

Cells of Innate and Adaptive Immunity: A Matter of Class?

“…In this issue, our rapidly expanding insights into the roles of innate immune cells are summarized in an interesting review by Georg Gasteiger and his colleagues [4]. The view on the neutrophil, including its recruitment to sites of inflammation, life span, and the recently discovered formation of NETs are of particular interest [5,6,7,8,9].…”

“…The review by Gasteiger et al [4] in this issue updates the current knowledge on these important players.…”