Cellular Expression of the Monocarboxylate Transporter (MCT) Family in the Placenta of Mice

Nagai, Ayako; Takebe, Kumiko; Nio‐Kobayashi, Junko; Takahashi-Iwanaga, Hiromi; Iwanaga, Toshihiko

doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2009.11.013

Cited by 88 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…During the first trimester, the human maternal gut microbiome is overrepresented by communities belonging to the Clostridiales order, a large cluster of bacteria that metabolize fibre to produce SCFAs such as butyrate, propionate and acetate [77,78]. SCFAs cross the placental barrier from maternal serum and enter fetal circulation, suggesting the possibility that maternal-derived microbial substrates can influence neurodevelopment [79]. Indeed, increased availability of butyrate during early pregnancy parallels the dynamic window of blood-brain barrier (BBB) development, and a role of butyrate-producing microbiota in the normal formation of the mouse BBB has been recently demonstrated [80].…”

Section: (A) Prenatalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in the gut microbiome–brain axis across the lifespan

Jašarević

Morrison

Bale

2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

226

167

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In recent years, the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and the brain has emerged as a factor that influences immunity, metabolism, neurodevelopment and behaviour. Cross-talk between the gut and brain begins early in life immediately following the transition from a sterile in utero environment to one that is exposed to a changing and complex microbial milieu over a lifetime. Once established, communication between the gut and brain integrates information from the autonomic and enteric nervous systems, neuroendocrine and neuroimmune signals, and peripheral immune and metabolic signals. Importantly, the composition and functional potential of the gut microbiome undergoes many transitions that parallel dynamic periods of brain development and maturation for which distinct sex differences have been identified. Here, we discuss the sexually dimorphic development, maturation and maintenance of the gut microbiome–brain axis, and the sex differences therein important in disease risk and resilience throughout the lifespan.

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Section: (A) Prenatalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in the gut microbiome–brain axis across the lifespan

Jašarević

Morrison

Bale

2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

226

167

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“…Les trophoblastes de la couche interne du labyrinthe comprennent les trophoblastes mononucléés sinusoïdaux géants (S-TGC) et une double couche de syncytiotrophoblastes (SynT). Les S-TGC font face aux sinus maternels et sont juxtaposés à la première couche de SynT (SynT-I), ellemême accolée à une deuxième couche de SynT (SynT-II) [24]. MCT1 et MCT4 sont utilisés comme marqueurs spécifiques de la membrane apicale des SynT-I et de la membrane basale des SynT-II, respectivement.…”

Section: Sos1unclassified

“…En effet, la délétion spécifique du gène b-Raf dans les cellules endothé-liales à l'aide de la lignée transgénique Tie2-Cre ou encore la délétion du gène Mek1 par la recombinase Sox2-Cre dans tous les tissus embryonnaires (incluant l'allantoïde), ne génère aucun défaut placentaire et adjacente à l'endothélium foetal. Les cellules sanguines maternelles et les érythrocytes foetaux sont donc séparés par une triple couche de cellules trophoblastiques du labyrinthe et par les cellules endothéliales foetales ( Figure 1B) [20,24]. Les S-TGC sont un sous-type de trophoblastes géants pourvus de fonctions endocrines.…”

Section: Distribution Spatiale Des Protéines Mek1 Et Mek2unclassified

Le rôle des kinasesMek1etMek2dans la formation de la barrière hématoplacentaire chez la souris

2012

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> La voie de signalisation cellulaire ERK/MAPK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogenactivated protein kinase) est impliquée dans plusieurs fonctions cellulaires. Chez la souris, l'invalidation de gènes codant pour des membres de cette voie est souvent associée à une mort embryonnaire consécutive à un développement anormal du placenta. Ce dernier est essentiel aux échanges nutritionnels et gazeux entre les circulations maternelle et embryonnaire, ainsi qu'à l'évacuation des déchets métaboliques. Ces échanges s'effectuent sans contact direct entre les deux circulations. Chez la souris, la barrière hématoplacentaire est constituée d'une triple couche de cellules trophoblastiques et de cellules endothéliales de l'embryon. MEK1 (ou MAP/ERK kinase-1) et MEK2 sont des kinases à double spécificité, phosphorylant les résidus sérine/thréonine et tyrosine et responsables de l'activation des kinases ERK1 et ERK2. L'inactivation génique de Mek1 produit une malformation placentaire résultant de défauts de prolifération et de différenciation des cellules trophoblastiques et entraînant un retard sévère du développement du placenta et la mort de l'embryon. Bien que les mutants Mek2 -/-survivent sans aucun phénotype apparent, les mutants doubles hétérozygotes Mek1 +/-Mek2 +/-meurent au cours de la gestation de malformation placentaire. L'ensemble de ces données souligne le rôle crucial de la voie ERK/MAPK dans la formation des structures extraembryonnaires. < cibles intracellulaires localisées dans la membrane plasmique, le cytoplasme, le cytosquelette ou le noyau [1,2]. Plusieurs cascades de signalisation MAPK ont été décrites chez les vertébrés. La voie classique ERK/MAPK constitue la voie majeure dans la réponse aux facteurs de croissance. Cette voie utilise les kinases régulées par les signaux extracellulaires, ERK1 et ERK2, ainsi que les kinases MEK1 et MEK2 à double spécificité (sérine/thréonine et tyrosine), qui activent ERK1 et ERK2 en réponse à la liaison de facteurs de croissance à leur récepteur. La voie ERK/MAPK est impliquée dans la détermination cellulaire chez plusieurs espèces. Chez les mammifères, cette cascade est impliquée dans la prolifération, la différenciation, la migration, la survie et la mort cellulaires [3,4]. La voie d'activation ERK/MAPK débute par la liaison de facteurs de croissance aux récepteurs membranaires à activité tyrosine kinase, tels les récepteurs du FGF (fibroblast growth factor), de l'EGF (epidermal growth factor) et du PDGF (platelet derived growth factor). Ces récepteurs s'activent par une autophosphorylation suivie du recrutement d'une protéine adaptatrice comme GRB2 (growth factor receptorbound protein 2) et l'interaction avec SOS-1 (son of sevenless homolog 1), un facteur d'échange de GDP/GTP de la petite protéine G RAS. SOS-1 permet le relargage du GDP associé à RAS qui peut alors fixer le GTP et s'activer. RAS activé permet le recrutement et l'activation de la kinase proto-oncogène RAF. Par la suite, les protéines kinases RAF, MEK et ERK s'activent séquentiellement par ph...

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“…The specificity of immunoreactions on sections was confirmed according to conventional procedures, including absorption tests. The ylate-dependent energy system by the expression profiles of MCTs, as has been shown in the female reproductive organ (19), placenta (25), and nervous systems (32,35). Adult stem cells are present in most self-renewing tissues, represented by the intestinal epithelium, the skin, and the hematopoietic organ.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…To date, fourteen MCT isoforms-each having a unique distribution and different sequence homology-have been identified in mammals, though only four (MCT1-MCT4) have been demonstrated experimentally to facilitate the proton-linked transport of metabolically important monocarboxylates (14,23). It is possible to evaluate the existence of a monocarbox-oligonucleotide DNA probes (45 bases in length) were designed for each mRNA of mouse MCT1-MCT4 and facilitated-diffusion glucose transporter GLUT1-GLUT5, as described in our previous studies (25). The probes were labeled with 33 P-dATP using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensified expressions of a monocarboxylate transporter in consistently renewing tissues of the mouse

2011

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Monocarboxylates-lactate and ketone bodies-can compensate for glucose as energy sources under certain physical conditions. To identify the main energy source used in self-renewing tissues, expression profiles of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) were mainly investigated immunohistochemically in the gastrointestinal tract, skin, and bone marrow of mice, with reference to glucose transporters. In the small intestine, MCT1-immunoreactive epithelial cells accumulated in crypts with a selective immunolabeling along the basolateral membrane of cells. BrdU-labeled dividing cells were included in the cryptal MCT1-immunoreactive foci. The skin displayed an intense and extensive immunoreactivity for MCT1 in the hair bulge, which gives rise to the epidermis, hair, and sebaceous gland. The stratified squamous epithelium in the esophagus contained MCT1-immunoreactive cells in the basal layer but frequently lacked GLUT1-immunoreactive cells. The bone marrow was largely immunoreactive for MCT1 but not for GLUT1, suggesting the active production and utilization of monocarboxylates for hematopoiesis under hypoxic conditions. These findings support the idea that monocarboxylates are favorite energy sources in self-renewing tissues.Mammals use two kinds of energy substrates, glucose and monocarboxylates. The latter includes lactate, acetate, ketone bodies, and others. These monocarboxylates, which are intermediate metabolites, provide a "ready-to-use" fuel in most cells or are converted into glucose (gluconeogenesis) and fatty acids (lipogenesis). They can compensate for glucose as an energy source under several physical conditions such as fasting, diabetes, and the neonatal period (16,35). The production of monocarboxylates does not need oxygen; therefore, they may be evolutionally older (more primitive) energy substrates than glucose, since the concentration of O 2 was low in ancient times. Hypoxic conditions exist in the bone marrow and tumors where proliferative activities are high, and some signals of hypoxia stimulate the cell proliferation (7, 9). There is a possibility that the monocarboxylates produced by anaerobic glycolysis are favorite energy sources for cell growth in selfrenewing tissues and tumors. In mammals, a membrane-bound transporter family mediates the uptake and excretion of monocarboxylates. A representative transporter for monocarboxylates is the monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) and the classified SLC16 gene family. MCT is a H + -coupled, electroneutral, and bi-directional transporter composed of twelve transmembrane domains with intracellular N and C terminal domains (10, 11). To date, fourteen MCT isoforms-each having a unique distribution and different sequence homology-have been identified in mammals, though only four (MCT1-MCT4) have been demonstrated experimentally to facilitate the proton-linked transport of metabolically important monocarboxylates (14,23). It is possible to evaluate the existence of a monocarbox-

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Cellular Expression of the Monocarboxylate Transporter (MCT) Family in the Placenta of Mice

Cited by 88 publications

References 41 publications

Sex differences in the gut microbiome–brain axis across the lifespan

Sex differences in the gut microbiome–brain axis across the lifespan

Le rôle des kinasesMek1etMek2dans la formation de la barrière hématoplacentaire chez la souris

Intensified expressions of a monocarboxylate transporter in consistently renewing tissues of the mouse

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