Cellular Distribution and Gene Expression Pattern of Metastasin (S100A4), Calgranulin A (S100A8), and Calgranulin B (S100A9) in Oral Lesions as Markers for Molecular Pathology

Abstract

The objective of this study was to analyze cellular localization and expression levels of oncologic relevant members of the S100 family in common oral lesions.Biopsies of various oral lesions were analyzed. S100A4 showed a higher expression rate in leukoplakias and oral squamous cell carcinomas. Transcript levels of S100A8 and S100A9 were significantly decreased in malignant OSCCs. A correlation could be drawn between the expression levels of these genes and the pathological characteristics of the investigated lesions. S100A4, A8, and A9 proteins represent promising marker genes to evaluate the risk potential of suspicious oral lesions in molecular pathology.

Liquid biopsy and multiparametric analysis in management of liver malignancies: new concepts of the patient stratification and prognostic approach

“…E. Stratification by calgranulin A (S100 calcium-binding protein A8) as a reliable indicator for an increased metastatic potential was well prognostic for OS demonstrating better survival rates at lower expression levels of the protein. This finding is well in consensus with results published by other groups [41][42][43].…”

Calprotectin and the Initiation and Progression of Head and Neck Cancer

“…More than 90% of malignancies affecting the oral and oropharyngeal mucosae are SCCs (El-Naggar et al 2017). In OSCC and OPSCC, S100A8 and S100A9 mRNAs (Roesch Ely et al 2005;Sapkota et al 2008;Khammanivong et al 2016;Reckenbeil et al 2016) and translated proteins (Funk et al 2015) significantly decrease when compared with nonneoplastic stratified squamous oral and oropharyngeal epithelium. Approximately 90% of OSCC and OPSCC specimens show combined loss of S100A8 and S100A9 expression based on data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA; Khammanivong et al 2016).…”

Neoexpression of JUNO in Oral Tumors Is Accompanied with the Complete Suppression of Four Other Genes and Suggests the Application of New Biomarker Tools

“…Finally, total RNA was eluted from spin columns, analyzed for quantity and quality using a NanoDropHND-1000 spectrophotometer (NanoDrop Technologies, Wilmington, DE, USA), and stored at −80 °C. Reverse transcription of 1 µg total RNA was performed as described [ 16 ]. Transcript levels of all genes of interest were detected by real-time PCR using the CFX Connect™ Real-Time PCR System (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Munich, Germany), SYBR ® Green (Bio-Rad Laboratories), and specific primers ( Table 1 ).…”

“…Quantitative PCR was carried out with 20 ng RNA equivalent per tube as previously described [ 16 ]. Relative differential gene expression was calculated using the ∆∆Ct-method described by Pfaffl [ 17 ] with β-actin, β-2-microglobulin (B2M), glyceraldehydephosphate-dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and ribosomal protein P0 (RP0) serving as housekeeping genes.…”