Abstract:BackgroundCellular angiofibroma represents a newly described, site specific tumor. Histologically, CAF is a benign mesenchymal neoplasm characterized by two principal components: bland spindle cells and prominent small to medium-sized vessels with mural hyalinization. The indolent nature of the lesion is underscored by the uniformity of its constituent stromal cells, and their lack of nuclear atypia. Characterization by immunohistochemistry is helpful distinguishing Cellular angiofibroma from other mesenchymal… Show more
“…Mesenchymal tumors in the vulvovaginal region are relatively rare, and they can be either non-specific tumors and have a more generalized distribution, such as those arising from smooth muscle (e.g., leiomyoma), vessels (e.g., hemangioma), or neural cells (e.g., granular cell tumors, schwannoma, neurofibroma), or they can have a predisposition to occur in the vulvovaginal region, such as aggressive angiomyxoma, angiomyofibroblastoma, or CA. 4,6 Given such tumoral diversity at this site, differential diagnosis of vulvar masses can be challenging. Most of these lesions present as nonspecific lesions, with similar characteristics, which might lead to a misdiagnosis that may convey a distinct prognosis.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Histologically, these lesions are characterized by three components: spindle cells that form small fascicles surrounded by collagen bundles, numerous and prominent blood vessels, sometimes with hyalinized wall, and adipose tissue between fusiform cells. [1][2][3][4]6 It shows immunostaining for vimentin, estrogen and progesterone receptors, smooth muscle actin and, in 60% of cases, also for CD34. There is no staining for S100 protein, desmin, keratins or epithelial membrane antigen (EMA).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There is no staining for S100 protein, desmin, keratins or epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). [1][2][3][4]6,7 The significance of estrogen and progesterone receptors expression is still uncertain. Since these receptors are normally expressed in the lower female genital tract mesenchymal cells, their presence in CA might be only a reflection of its cells origin.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Since these receptors are normally expressed in the lower female genital tract mesenchymal cells, their presence in CA might be only a reflection of its cells origin. 4,6,7 But, alternatively, some authors suggest that the expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors may play a role in the pathogenesis of the tumor. 4,6,7 Although CA arises more frequently in the vulvovaginal region, there are some cases described in extrapelvic sites.…”
Cellular angiofibroma (CA)is a rare benign mesenchymal tumor. In women, it occurs mainly in the vulvovaginal region, with vulvar location in 70% of the cases. Its clinical presentation is nonspecific and similar to several other vulvar tumors of different cellular origins. Thus, its histological and immunohistochemical features allow distinction from other tumors. Cellular angiofibromas have good prognosis, despite some risk of relapse. The authors present the case of a 49-year-old woman with a bulky right vulvar lesion, for which the preoperative diagnosis was a Bartholin cyst, but the histological and immunohistochemical evaluation yielded a CA.
“…Mesenchymal tumors in the vulvovaginal region are relatively rare, and they can be either non-specific tumors and have a more generalized distribution, such as those arising from smooth muscle (e.g., leiomyoma), vessels (e.g., hemangioma), or neural cells (e.g., granular cell tumors, schwannoma, neurofibroma), or they can have a predisposition to occur in the vulvovaginal region, such as aggressive angiomyxoma, angiomyofibroblastoma, or CA. 4,6 Given such tumoral diversity at this site, differential diagnosis of vulvar masses can be challenging. Most of these lesions present as nonspecific lesions, with similar characteristics, which might lead to a misdiagnosis that may convey a distinct prognosis.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Histologically, these lesions are characterized by three components: spindle cells that form small fascicles surrounded by collagen bundles, numerous and prominent blood vessels, sometimes with hyalinized wall, and adipose tissue between fusiform cells. [1][2][3][4]6 It shows immunostaining for vimentin, estrogen and progesterone receptors, smooth muscle actin and, in 60% of cases, also for CD34. There is no staining for S100 protein, desmin, keratins or epithelial membrane antigen (EMA).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There is no staining for S100 protein, desmin, keratins or epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). [1][2][3][4]6,7 The significance of estrogen and progesterone receptors expression is still uncertain. Since these receptors are normally expressed in the lower female genital tract mesenchymal cells, their presence in CA might be only a reflection of its cells origin.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Since these receptors are normally expressed in the lower female genital tract mesenchymal cells, their presence in CA might be only a reflection of its cells origin. 4,6,7 But, alternatively, some authors suggest that the expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors may play a role in the pathogenesis of the tumor. 4,6,7 Although CA arises more frequently in the vulvovaginal region, there are some cases described in extrapelvic sites.…”
Cellular angiofibroma (CA)is a rare benign mesenchymal tumor. In women, it occurs mainly in the vulvovaginal region, with vulvar location in 70% of the cases. Its clinical presentation is nonspecific and similar to several other vulvar tumors of different cellular origins. Thus, its histological and immunohistochemical features allow distinction from other tumors. Cellular angiofibromas have good prognosis, despite some risk of relapse. The authors present the case of a 49-year-old woman with a bulky right vulvar lesion, for which the preoperative diagnosis was a Bartholin cyst, but the histological and immunohistochemical evaluation yielded a CA.
“…Cellular angiofibroma is a pathologically and clinically benign tumour, and the treatment of choice is surgical excision [9]. All of such described cases have a good clinical outcome; infiltration or metastatic changes have not been observed [8,11]. Only a single study reporting local recurrence six months after CAF excision has been published [12].…”
Cellular angiofibroma is a rare and benign tumour of mesenchymal origin. Within a microscopic image, two main cell populations are typically observed: spindle-shaped cells and blood vessels; both of which are sometimes accompanied by atypical liposarcoma-like cells. We present a case of a 31-year old male admitted to the Department of Urology because of a solid mass being present in the left testis. The patient underwent radical orchidectomy through the inguinal canal. Microscopic examination demonstrated an intratesticular cellular angiofibroma. During a two-year follow-up, there were no signs observed of any metastases nor disease recurrence. Intratesticular localisation of cellular angiofibroma has never been previously reported. Benign tumours of the testis are rare, but an awareness of this phenomenon may reduce the number of unnecessary orchidectomies, thereby increasing the rate of organ-sparing surgery. NOWOTWORY J Oncol 2017; 67, 3: 215-219
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