Cellular and network mechanisms may generate sparse coding of sequential object encounters in hippocampal-like circuits

Trinh, Anh‐Tuan; Clarke, Stephen E.; Harvey‐Girard, Erik; Maler, Leonard

doi:10.1101/571414

Cited by 4 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…This would be supported by recurrent isocortical connections particularly between the PFC and hippocampus. This contrasts with the picture emerging in teleosts, where an allocentric map 53 may be generated from a sequence of landmark encounters detected at short range, via a diencephalon to dorsolateral pallium (putative hippocampal homolog) circuit 54,55 . How such a map is used in teleosts is unclear, but it has been noted that there are multiple uses of a cognitive map outside of planning 56,57 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Spatial planning with long visual range benefits escape from visual predators in complex naturalistic environments

Mugan

MacIver

2020

Nat Commun

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It is uncontroversial that land animals have more elaborated cognitive abilities than their aquatic counterparts such as fish. Yet there is no apparent a-priori reason for this. A key cognitive faculty is planning. We show that in visually guided predator-prey interactions, planning provides a significant advantage, but only on land. During animal evolution, the water-to-land transition resulted in a massive increase in visual range. Simulations of behavior identify a specific type of terrestrial habitat, clustered open and closed areas (savanna-like), where the advantage of planning peaks. Our computational experiments demonstrate how this patchy terrestrial structure, in combination with enhanced visual range, can reveal and hide agents as a function of their movement and create a selective benefit for imagining, evaluating, and selecting among possible future scenarios-in short, for planning. The vertebrate invasion of land may have been an important step in their cognitive evolution.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Spatial planning with long visual range benefits escape from visual predators in complex naturalistic environments

Mugan

MacIver

2020

Nat Commun

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“…5F) neurons when compared to the other cell types (mean tau: CA1: 189 ± 26 ms; hilar SOM: 345 ± 79 ms; hilar PV: 158 ± 30 ms; Kruskal-Wallis test: hMC vs CA3; p = 0.88, row j, Table 2; hMC vs CA1; p = 7.3 x 10 −17 , row k, Table 2, hMC vs PV; p = 5.8 x 10 −16 , row l, Table 2; hMC vs SOM; p = 3.1 x 10 −10 , row m, Table 2; CA1 vs CA3; p = 3.6 x 10 −12 , row n, Table 2; PV vs SOM; p = 0.0029, row o, Table 2). Considering the slow timescale of this dynamic spike threshold adaptation, we can therefore hypothesize that this process was caused by the slow recovery of Na + channels inactivation as previously shown in the hippocampal-like neurons of the weakly electric fish (Trinh et al, 2019).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…x 10 -10 , row m, Table 2; CA1 vs CA3; p = 3.6 x 10 -12 , row n, Table 2; PV vs SOM; p = 0.0029, row o, Table 2). Considering the slow timescale of this dynamic spike threshold adaptation, we can therefore hypothesize that this process was caused by the slow recovery of Na + channels inactivation as previously shown in the hippocampal-like neurons of the weakly electric fish (Trinh et al, 2019).…”

Section: Dynamic Spike Threshold In the Hippocampal Formationmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…To further characterize the dynamic spike threshold recovery, we used a ramp current injection protocol which had been previously used to measure the decay of this adaptation process in hippocampal-like cells of a teleost fish (Trinh et al, 2019). By injecting a long ramp current to evoke spiking and threshold fatigue (stimulus ramp), followed by a shorter ramp current injection (probe ramp) at various time intervals, we measured the change in spike threshold as a function of inter-stimulus interval duration (Fig.…”

Section: Dynamic Spike Threshold In the Hippocampal Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To characterize the slowly adapting spike threshold we encountered (see Results), we administered a ramp current injection protocol as previously described in (Trinh et al, 2019). Recorded cells were held for roughly 20-45 mins depending on the health of the cell.…”

Section: In Vitro Recordingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dentate gyrus mossy cells exhibit sparse coding via adaptive spike threshold dynamics

Trinh

Girardi‐Schappo

Béı̈que

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Hilar mossy cells (hMCs) are glutamatergic neurons in the dentate gyrus (DG) that receive inputs primarily from DG granule cells (GCs), CA3 pyramidal cells and local inhibitory interneurons. The hMCs then provide direct excitatory and disynaptic inhibitory feedback input to GCs. Behavioral and in vivo single unit recording experiments have implicated hMCs in pattern separation as well as is in spatial navigation and learning. It has, however, been difficult to mechanistically link the in vivo physiological behavior of hMCs with their intrinsic excitability properties that convert their synaptic inputs into spiking output. Here, we carried out electrophysiological recordings from the main cell types in the DG and found that hMCs displayed a highly adaptive threshold acting over a remarkably protracted time-scale. The hMC spike threshold increased linearly with increasing current stimulation and saturated at high current intensities. This threshold also increased in response to spiking and this effect also decayed over a long timescale, allowing for activity-dependent summation that limited hMC firing rates. This mechanism operates in parallel with a prominent medium after-hyperpolarizing potential (AHP) generated by the small conductance K+ channel. Based on experimentally derived parameters, we developed a phenomenological exponential integrate-and-fire model that closely mimics the hMC adaptive threshold. This lightweight model is amenable to its incorporation into large network models of the DG that will be conducive to deepen our understanding of the neural bases of pattern separation, spatial learning and navigation in the hippocampus.

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Shared neural transcriptomic patterns underlie the repeated evolution of mutualistic cleaning behavior in Labridae wrasses

Young¹,

Weitekamp²,

Triki³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Despite the remarkable diversity of life forms on earth, evolutionary biologists have discovered numerous instances where even distantly related species share astonishing similarities in how they behave, look, and function. Given the importance of happenstance in evolution (e.g., random mutations, genetic drift, environmental stochasticity), it is often assumed that the mechanisms underlying such convergent phenotypes are distinct. Nevertheless, recent discoveries that the same pathways can underlie convergently evolved phenotypes have reinvigorated questions about the predictability of evolution and whether broadly conserved genomic mechanisms facilitate phenotypic convergence. Here, we generated transcriptomes of the putative teleost homologs of the mammalian hippocampus and basolateral amygdala, broadly associated with spatial and social cognition, in six sympatric species of Labridae wrasses that vary in mutualistic cleaning behavior (including three non-cleaning, two facultative cleaning, and one obligate cleaning species) and combined differential gene expression, gene co-expression, and phylogenetic comparative analyses to test two hypotheses about convergent evolution and specialization of mutualistic cleaning behavior. We first identify genes and gene modules exhibiting parallel neurotranscriptomic patterns in the repeated evolution of facultative cleaning. We then examined whether expression and co-expression patterns associated with facultative cleaning are also shared in the obligate cleaner species in our dataset and found evidence for transcriptomic concordance, though no evidence for additional specialization. Taken together, our results provide insights into the convergent evolution and the neuromolecular basis of cooperative behavior and, more generally, illustrate the potential of phylogenetic comparative transcriptomics to unravel the mechanistic underpinnings of the repeated evolution of complex organismal phenotypes.

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Cellular and network mechanisms may generate sparse coding of sequential object encounters in hippocampal-like circuits

Cited by 4 publications

References 93 publications

Spatial planning with long visual range benefits escape from visual predators in complex naturalistic environments

Spatial planning with long visual range benefits escape from visual predators in complex naturalistic environments

Dentate gyrus mossy cells exhibit sparse coding via adaptive spike threshold dynamics

Shared neural transcriptomic patterns underlie the repeated evolution of mutualistic cleaning behavior in Labridae wrasses

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