1998
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2007.00666.x
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Cellular and developmental aspects of androgenetic alopecia

Abstract: The hair follicle is a highly complex system that can be investigated at many levels and from multiple perspectives. However, underlying the cyclic production of all hair fibres are a set of common developmental processes. Many current investigations of androgenetic alopecia concentrate on the direct influences of hormones on hair follicles at the cellular but the paper also tries to point out inherent difficulties in the investigation of androgenetic alopecia and important gaps in current knowledge.

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Cited by 178 publications
(14 citation statements)
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“…Innate immunity in vitiligo bridges the gap between oxidative stress and adaptive immunity in vitiligo. It is likely that the activation of innate immune cells occurs early in vitiligo, by sensing exogenously or endogenously induced stress signals released from melanocytes and possibly keratinocyte [25, 76, 80]. As mentioned above, there is an association between vitiligo susceptibility and genetic changes in NALP1, a regulator of the innate immune system [42, 81].…”
Section: Pathogenesismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Innate immunity in vitiligo bridges the gap between oxidative stress and adaptive immunity in vitiligo. It is likely that the activation of innate immune cells occurs early in vitiligo, by sensing exogenously or endogenously induced stress signals released from melanocytes and possibly keratinocyte [25, 76, 80]. As mentioned above, there is an association between vitiligo susceptibility and genetic changes in NALP1, a regulator of the innate immune system [42, 81].…”
Section: Pathogenesismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There is progressive reduction of the duration of anagen phase of hair follicles on the frontal scalp area with each passage through the hair cycle. Other discovered physiological changes in AGA: dermal papilla cell reduction; thinning of the dermis; the sebaceous glands enlargement; connective tissue streamers presence; number of mast cells increased; and T-cell infiltration of follicular stem cell epithelium [21][22][23]. There are strong evidences that AGA is androgen signaling-dependent disease.…”
Section: Hair Follicle-related Signaling Pathways In Androgenic Alopeciamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Several factors, including autoimmune, biochemical, genetic, neuronal and environmental, may interact to contribute to its development. [370][371][372] Although evidence indicates an important role for genetic factors, [373][374][375] it also seems that triggers such as trauma to the skin, hormonal changes and psychological distress may need to be present for the disease to become apparent. 376 A number of observations suggest that vitiligo is an autoimmune disease, such as its association with other autoimmune diseases (e.g.…”
Section: Causesmentioning
confidence: 99%