Cellular and biochemical indices of bronchoalveolar lavage for detection of lung injury following insult by airborne toxicants

Khan, M. Firoze; Gupta, Garima

doi:10.1016/0378-4274(91)90036-6

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 72 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The biochemical process activities lead to the overproduction of inflammatory molecules with immediate response on inflammation spreading [37,38]. Chang et al suggest that in this case proteoglycans have a determinant role, since they are responsible for the response given by the aggression [39].…”

Section: Biochemical Aspects Of Free Radicals and The Actions Of Oxidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress in severe pulmonary trauma in critical ill patients. Antioxidant therapy in patients with multiple trauma — a review

Bedreag¹,

Rogobete

Sărăndan³

et al. 2015

Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Multiple trauma patients require extremely good management and thus, the trauma team needs to be prepared and to be up to date with the new standards of intensive therapy. Oxidative stress and free radicals represent an extremely aggressive factor to cells, having a direct consequence upon the severity of lung inflammation. Pulmonary tissue is damaged by oxidative stress, leading to biosynthesis of mediators that exacerbate inflammation modulators. The subsequent inflammation spreads throughout the body, leading most of the time to multiple organ dysfunction and death. In this paper, we briefly present an update of biochemical effects of oxidative stress and free radical damage to the pulmonary tissue in patients in critical condition in the intensive care unit. Also, we would like to present a series of active substances that substantially reduce the aggressiveness of free radicals, increasing the chances of survival.

show abstract

Section: Biochemical Aspects Of Free Radicals and The Actions Of Oxidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress in severe pulmonary trauma in critical ill patients. Antioxidant therapy in patients with multiple trauma — a review

Bedreag¹,

Rogobete

Sărăndan³

et al. 2015

Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There have been many studies investigating the utility of bronchoalveolar lavage uid (BALF) for the assessment of lung injury or diseases resulting from toxic substance inhalation (11,16). Many of these involved acute or subchronic exposure to low levels of dust, particles, acid fumes, or gases (10,13,20). In the present study, BALF markers of injury, such as protein concentration, cell counts, wet/dry weight ratio, and LDH, are compared and correlated with acute lung 339 0192-6233/02$3.00 $0.00 histopathologic changes to determine their usefulness as indicators of exposure in mice following the inhalation of a toxic industrial gas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Changes in Lung Histopathology and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Parameters in Mice Exposed to the Choking Agent Gas Phosgene

Duniho¹,

Martin²,

Forster³

et al. 2002

Toxicol Pathol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phosgene (CG) is a highly irritant gas widely used industrially as a chemical intermediate for the production of dyes, pesticides, and plastics, and can cause life-threatening pulmonar y edema within 24 hours of exposure. This study was designed to investigate acute changes in lung tissue histopathology and selected bronchoalveola r lavage uid (BALF) factors over time to determine early diagnostic indicators of exposure. Three groups of 40 male mice each were exposed to 32 mg/m 3 (8 ppm) CG for 20 minutes, and 3 groups of 40 control male mice were exposed to ltered room air for 20 minutes, both exposures were followed by room air washout for 5 minutes. At 1,4,8,12,24, 48, and 72 hours after exposure each group of mice was euthanized and processed for histopatholog y, bronchoalveola r lavage or gravimetric measurements , respectively. Over time, the histopathologica l lesions were characterized by acute changes consisting of alveolar and interstitial edema, brin and hemorrhage , followed by signi cant alveolar and interstitial ooding with in ammatory cell in ltrates and scattered bronchiolar and terminal airway epithelial degeneratio n and necrosis. From 48 to 72 hours, there was partial resolution of the edema and degenerative changes, followed by epithelial and broblastic regeneration centered on the terminal bronchiolar areas. Bronchoalveola r lavage was processed for cell differential counts, LDH, and protein determination. Comparative analysis revealed signi cant increases in both postexposur e lung wet/dry weight ratios, and early elevations of BALF LDH and protein, and later elevations in leukocytes. This article describes the use of histopathology to chronicle the temporal pulmonary changes subsequent to whole body exposure to phosgene , and correlate these changes with BALF ingredients and postexposur e lung wet weights in an effort to characterize toxic gas-induced acute lung injury and identify early markers of phosgene exposure.

show abstract

“…The method makes it possible to quantify markers of infl ammatory and/or cytotoxic response. BAL is more sensitive than histological examination, and is also used in the diagnostics of pulmonary diseases (20,21).…”

Section: Infl Ammatory Activity Of S Chartarum Metabolites In Animalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory and Haematotoxic Potential of Indoor Stachybotrys chartarum (Ehrenb.) Hughes Metabolites

Piecková

Hurbánková

Černá

et al. 2009

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mould Stachybotrys chartarum (Ehrenb.) Hughes is known to pose a health risk in indoor environments. Most of its strains can produce several intra-and extracellular trichothecene mycotoxins. Complex secondary metabolites of stachybotrys isolates from mouldy dwellings/public buildings in Slovakia were intratracheally instilled in Wistar male rats (4 µg in 0.2 mL of 0.2 % dimethylsulphoxide; diacetoxyscirpenol as the positive control). After three days, haematological parameters were measured in peripheral blood and infl ammatory response biomarkers in bronchoalveolar lavage fl uid (BALF), and the results were statistically analysed. Exometabolites proved to suppress red blood cell (RBC), decreasing the total RBC count, haemoglobin, and haematocrit. The exposed rats showed signifi cantly higher total BALF cell count, indicating infl ammation, lower alveolar macrophage counts, and increased granulocyte count related to the BALF cells. Due to haematotoxic and infl ammation-inducing properties, metabolites of S. chartarum can cause damage to the airways and haematological disorders in occupants of mouldy buildings.

show abstract

Cellular and biochemical indices of bronchoalveolar lavage for detection of lung injury following insult by airborne toxicants

Cited by 26 publications

References 72 publications

Oxidative stress in severe pulmonary trauma in critical ill patients. Antioxidant therapy in patients with multiple trauma — a review

Oxidative stress in severe pulmonary trauma in critical ill patients. Antioxidant therapy in patients with multiple trauma — a review

Acute Changes in Lung Histopathology and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Parameters in Mice Exposed to the Choking Agent Gas Phosgene

Inflammatory and Haematotoxic Potential of Indoor Stachybotrys chartarum (Ehrenb.) Hughes Metabolites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About