Cells Involved in the Immune Response

Abstract

In a preceding article, evidence was presented for the existence of two distinct populations of lymphocytes in the normal adult r a b b i t --o n e capable of responding to stimulation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) 1 and the other to goat antiserum to rabbit immunoglobulins (1). The question which these results pose is whether one or both of these functionally different populations of cells are capable of reacting to common protein antigens. This invesigation was designed to provide the answer to this question. The results clearly imply that only the lymphocytes which react to anti-immunoglobulin antiserum react to stimulation with specific antigen, with both of these reagents probably interacting with the same receptor site on the lymphocyte surface.

Regulation of the Immune System by Synthetic Polynucleotides

“…Cell-associated antibody in suspensions of primed lymphocytes has been detected by a variety of techniques (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). In the work reported here, cellassociated antibody was made manifest by incubation of primed spleen cells with poly A: U.…”

Impaired <i>in vitr</i><i>o</i> Response of Circulating Lymphocytes to Phytohemagglutinin in Down’s Syndrome: Dose- and Time-Response Curves and Relation to Cellular Immunity

“…In addition, impaired lymphocyte transformation has been ob served in diseases involving immunological disorders, as in ataxiatelangiectasia [46,68,77], agammaglobulinemia [9], Sjogren's syndrome [47], congenital absence of the thymus [22,44,50] and thymic dysplasia [29,56]. The available evidence strongly indicates that the in vitro lymphocyte transformation is related to the cellular immune reactions, particularly to the delayed hypersensitivity [8,21,29,43,60,69], although a recent report offers evidence indicating that it is related to both cellular and humoral immune reactions [12]. The exact relationship of the mitogenic effect of a non-specific stimulant such as the phytohemagglutinin to the immune reactions is not under stood, but the fact that impaired response is observed in diseases with immunological disorders suggests the possibility that its impairment in Down's syndrome may also be related to some immunological defect.…”

“…They were seen at the Genetics Clinic in the Crippled Children's Division of the University of Oregon Medical School, and had no apparent infections or other complications at the time of study. Patients 1, 2, 8, 10, 13, 15, and 16 had 47 chromosomes with an extra G (21)(22) autosome. Patients 4 and 6 had 46 chromo somes including a (DqGq) centric-fusion translocation.…”

Effect in vitro of anti‐immunoglobulin sera on proliferative responses of lymphoid cells to antigen+

“…Hellstrom et al [7] have proposed as a regulatory mechanism a blocking factor present in serum of tolerant mice which is tacitly assumed t o operate by enhancement [ 8 , 9 ] . According to this view, transplantation tolerance would be maintained, because enhancing antibodies prevent the recognition of tolerated antigens by reactive lymphocytes.…”