Cell wall polymers of Bacillus sphaericus 9602. I. Structure of the vegetative cell wall peptidoglycan

Hungerer, Klaus-Dieter; Tipper, Donald J.

doi:10.1021/bi00837a013

Cited by 57 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…However, the walls of some bacteria that belong to the A4α and A4β subtypes are only moderately affected by LysA2 (B. adolescentis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and L. helveticus) while those of others (Bacillus sphaericus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, and Enterococcus faecium) are not substrates of the enzyme. This limitation might be due to the presence of additional wall components; for example, the peptidoglycan of B. sphaericus does not present C-terminal D-alanine residues (Hungerer and Tipper 1969) while in B. bifidum the bridge is made by D-Ser-D-Asp (Schleifer and Kandler 1972). Finally, there is the case of L. plantarum, which is the only Lactobacillus species, out of 12 tested, that is resistant to LysA2 and is the only one whose peptidoglycan belongs to the A1γ group, which is characterized by a direct link between m-diaminopimelic acid and D-ala (Matsuda et al 1968).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LysA2, the Lactobacillus casei bacteriophage A2 lysin is an endopeptidase active on a wide spectrum of lactic acid bacteria

Ribelles

Rodríguez

Súarez

2011

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LysA2, the Lactobacillus casei bacteriophage A2 lysin is an endopeptidase active on a wide spectrum of lactic acid bacteria

Ribelles

Rodríguez

Súarez

2011

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…In all cases the general structure was similar to that of B. subtilis, with only slight modifications. Interestingly, the peptide side chain composition, specifically the presence of Dpm, is maintained in spore PG of all these species, despite the replacement of Dpm with lysine in the vegetative PG of B. sphearicus [24]. Detailed analyses have revealed the presence of small numbers of peptide side chains containing glycine, especially in strains carrying mutations that alter PG synthesis and in specific media [7,19].…”

Section: Spore Pg Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Specialized peptidoglycan of the bacterial endospore: the inner wall of the lockbox

Popham¹

2002

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (CMLS)

120

109

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A modified peptidoglycan (PG) wall is required for maintenance of spore core dehydration and the accompanying metabolic dormancy and heat resistance. Production of the spore PG depends on the cooperative expression of gene products within both the mother cell and forespore compartments of the sporangium. Structural elements that differentiate spore PG from vegetative cell PG include the presence of the modified sugar muramic-delta-lactam and a low level of peptide cross-links between the glycan strands. Detailed analyses of PG structure in dormant spores and in developing forespores of wild-type and mutant strains are providing data on factors required for introduction of these modifications and the importance of these structural elements in determining spore properties. Muramic-delta-lactam is not required for spore core dehydration but serves as a specificity factor for spore germination lytic enzymes. Cross-linking of spore PG can vary over a relatively wide range without significantly effecting spore core dehydration but does have an influence on the rate of spore germination and outgrowth. Future studies will examine how the two cells within the sporangium coordinate the production of this unique structure between themselves and how specific spore PG structural modifications are produced and participate in determining spore resistance properties.

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“…In recent years, the biochemistry of the wall and of spore formation in B. sphaericus 9602 has been extensively studied (e.g. Hungerer & Tipper, 1969;Tipper & Linnett, 1976), but the organisms have always been grown in an undefined complex medium. The present work began with an attempt to grow this strain in a chemically defined medium, as a preliminary to a study of the diaminopimelate in its spores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimal Nutritional Requirements of Bacillus sphaericus NCTC9602 and 26 other Strains of this Species: the Majority Grow and Sporulate with Acetate as Sole Major Source of Carbon

White

Lotay

1980

Microbiology

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Bacillus sphaericus NCTC 9602 grew and sporulated in a simple chemically defined minimal medium containing only KH,P0,/Na2HP04 buffer, pH 7-2, 15 mM-ammonium sulphate, inorganic salts and sodium acetate (as sole source of carbon); no vitamins were needed. The organisms contained the characteristic enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle (isocitrate lyase and malate synthase) but lacked pyruvate dehydrogenase. Isocitrate dehydrogenase and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase were both present.The minimal nutritional requirements of 26 other strains of B. sphaericus were investigated. Three of these (including the type culture) grew and sporulated in the above minimal medium, and a further 13 strains grew and sporulated when only biotin and thiamin were added. Two more strains grew in the minimal medium plus these vitamins and glutamic acid. Four of the remaining strains needed several amino acids, but not acetate, and four other strains required a purine as well as amino acids.

show abstract

Cell wall polymers of Bacillus sphaericus 9602. I. Structure of the vegetative cell wall peptidoglycan

Cited by 57 publications

References 24 publications

LysA2, the Lactobacillus casei bacteriophage A2 lysin is an endopeptidase active on a wide spectrum of lactic acid bacteria

LysA2, the Lactobacillus casei bacteriophage A2 lysin is an endopeptidase active on a wide spectrum of lactic acid bacteria

Specialized peptidoglycan of the bacterial endospore: the inner wall of the lockbox

Minimal Nutritional Requirements of Bacillus sphaericus NCTC9602 and 26 other Strains of this Species: the Majority Grow and Sporulate with Acetate as Sole Major Source of Carbon

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