Cell Wall Integrity Signaling in Fruit Ripening

Jia, Kenan; Wang, Wei; Zhang, Qing; Jia, Wensuo

doi:10.3390/ijms24044054

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 183 publications

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“…In binding of BRs to the receptor BRI1 (BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1), SERK3 (BAK1/somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase) is phosphorylated, thereby initiating a signaling cascade reaction. BRs signaling could induce the expression of BZR1 and BES1/BZR2, thereby regulating the gene expression of cell wall biosynthesis such as PMEs [ 39 ]. Deficiency in BRs synthesis in plants leads to dwarfism in plant phenotypes, with decrease in lignin and cellulose content [ 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CcNAC1 by Transcriptome Analysis Is Involved in Sudan Grass Secondary Cell Wall Formation as a Positive Regulator

Huang

Chen

Liu

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Sudan grass is a high-quality forage of sorghum. The degree of lignification of Sudan grass is the main factor affecting its digestibility in ruminants such as cattle and sheep. Almost all lignocellulose in Sudan grass is stored in the secondary cell wall, but the mechanism and synthesis of the secondary cell wall in Sudan grass is still unclear. In order to study the mechanism of secondary cell wall synthesis in Sudan grass, we used an in vitro induction system of Sudan grass secondary cell wall. Through transcriptome sequencing, it was found that the NAC transcription factor CcNAC1 gene was related to the synthesis of the Sudan grass secondary cell wall. This study further generated CcNAC1 overexpression lines of Arabidopsis to study CcNAC1 gene function in secondary cell wall synthesis. It was shown that the overexpression of the CcNAC1 gene can significantly increase lignin content in Arabidopsis lines. Through subcellular localization analysis, CcNAC1 genes could be expressed in the nucleus of a plant. In addition, we used yeast two-hybrid screening to find 26 proteins interacting with CcNAC1. GO and KEGG analysis showed that CcNAC1 relates to the metabolic pathways and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. In summary, the synthesis of secondary cell wall of Sudan grass can be regulated by CcNAC1.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CcNAC1 by Transcriptome Analysis Is Involved in Sudan Grass Secondary Cell Wall Formation as a Positive Regulator

Huang

Chen

Liu

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…The cell wall polymers are dynamic components and can be restructured and redistributed during plant development, reproduction, and organ aging [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 ]. These components play important roles during stresses and plant interactions with other organisms, e.g., bacteria and fungi [ 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Localization of Cell Wall Components in the Quadrifids of Whole-Mount Immunolabeled Utricularia dichotoma Traps

Płachno,

Kapusta

2023

IJMS

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Utricularia (bladderworts) are carnivorous plants. They produce small hollow vesicles, which function as suction traps that work underwater and capture fine organisms. Inside the traps, there are numerous glandular trichomes (quadrifids), which take part in the secretion of digestive enzymes, the resorption of released nutrients, and likely the pumping out of water. Due to the extreme specialization of quadrifids, they are an interesting model for studying the cell walls. This aim of the study was to fill in the gap in the literature concerning the immunocytochemistry of quadrifids in the major cell wall polysaccharides and glycoproteins. To do this, the localization of the cell wall components in the quadrifids was performed using whole-mount immunolabeled Utricularia traps. It was observed that only parts (arms) of the terminal cells had enough discontinuous cuticle to be permeable to antibodies. There were different patterns of the cell wall components in the arms of the terminal cells of the quadrifids. The cell walls of the arms were especially rich in low-methyl-esterified homogalacturonan. Moreover, various arabinogalactan proteins also occurred. Cell walls in glandular cells of quadrifids were rich in low-methyl-esterified homogalacturonan; in contrast, in the aquatic carnivorous plant Aldrovanda vesiculosa, cell walls in the glandular cells of digestive glands were poor in low-methyl-esterified homogalacturonan. Arabinogalactan proteins were found in the cell walls of trap gland cells in all studied carnivorous plants: Utricularia, and members of Droseraceae and Drosophyllaceae.

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“…Taken together, these studies show that manipulation of the expression of a single cell wall‐modifying gene can have wide‐ranging effects on fruit ripening and softening. The mechanisms by which cell wall structure and function are monitored by the cell (Du et al., 2022; Wolf, 2022), and feed back to affect gene expression and fruit development (Jia et al., 2023), is an exciting area for future research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constitutive expression of apple endo‐POLYGALACTURONASE1 in fruit induces early maturation, alters skin structure and accelerates softening

Gunaseelan,

Schröder,

Rebstock

et al. 2023

The Plant Journal

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SUMMARYDuring fruit ripening, polygalacturonases (PGs) are key contributors to the softening process in many species. Apple is a crisp fruit that normally exhibits only minor changes to cell walls and limited fruit softening. Here, we explore the effects of PG overexpression during fruit development using transgenic apple lines overexpressing the ripening‐related endo‐POLYGALACTURONASE1 gene. MdPG1‐overexpressing (PGox) fruit displayed early maturation/ripening with black seeds, conversion of starch to sugars and ethylene production occurring by 80 days after pollination (DAP). PGox fruit exhibited a striking, white‐skinned phenotype that was evident from 60 DAP and most likely resulted from increased air spaces and separation of cells in the hypodermis due to degradation of the middle lamellae. Irregularities in the integrity of the epidermis and cuticle were also observed. By 120 DAP, PGox fruit cracked and showed lenticel‐associated russeting. Increased cuticular permeability was associated with microcracks in the cuticle around lenticels and was correlated with reduced cortical firmness at all time points and extensive post‐harvest water loss from the fruit, resulting in premature shrivelling. Transcriptomic analysis suggested that early maturation was associated with upregulation of genes involved in stress responses, and overexpression of MdPG1 also altered the expression of genes involved in cell wall metabolism (e.g. β‐galactosidase, MD15G1221000) and ethylene biosynthesis (e.g. ACC synthase, MD14G1111500). The results show that upregulation of PG not only has dramatic effects on the structure of the fruit outer cell layers, indirectly affecting water status and turgor, but also has unexpected consequences for fruit development.

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Cell Wall Integrity Signaling in Fruit Ripening

Cited by 11 publications

References 183 publications

CcNAC1 by Transcriptome Analysis Is Involved in Sudan Grass Secondary Cell Wall Formation as a Positive Regulator

CcNAC1 by Transcriptome Analysis Is Involved in Sudan Grass Secondary Cell Wall Formation as a Positive Regulator

The Localization of Cell Wall Components in the Quadrifids of Whole-Mount Immunolabeled Utricularia dichotoma Traps

Constitutive expression of apple endo‐POLYGALACTURONASE1 in fruit induces early maturation, alters skin structure and accelerates softening

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